监视都柏林通勤者的安全

Author:Renata BarradasGutiérrez

全世界的城市需要建立，维护和扩展基础设施，尤其是公共交通系统，以使人们（无论是商人，购物者还是学生）继续前进，以保持一个国家及其经济的发展。

但，have you ever thought what goes behind moving people safely across a city?Although most likely building or repairing infrastructure first comes to mind, there are other crucial activities, just like监视, that although unnoticed, help engineers and designers to understand the impact of structural movements of infrastructure and materials. Toreduce risk to infrastructure,early和精确的监视是必要的。

The infrastructure supporting each of us, be it roads, bridges, dams, buildings and railways is subjected to hazards, environmental factors, and load pressure. Stress and risk to infrastructure can come from direct use but also from other factors, such as nearby construction sites and excavations. Such is the case of a north section of Luas light rail system in Dublin, Ireland where the construction of a group of commercial buildings - build to cope with the increasing demand for student accommodation - were monitored to ensure the integrity of the transportation system.

With sixty-seven stations and42.5 kilometres都柏林的Luas轻轨系统安全携带4180万乘客在2018年。为了最大程度地减少与Luas的安全和结构完整性有关的当前和未来问题，Datum Monitoring Ireland（Lloyds Datum Group的一部分）是一家专业公司远程监测土方工程, structures and transport infrastructure, analysed the data of the dual Luas light railway system continuously through a specialised monitoring system.

警报24/7

LDG Datum was requested by Walls Construction to supply an effective, accurate and reliablewarning system这将operate 24/7和notify stakeholders in near real time, if a threshold exceeded specifications. The monitoring system needed to meet design requirements, local council regulations and Transport Infrastructure Ireland’s (TII) code of practice, without interrupting the railway operations at any time. The team at LDG Datum also had to ensure no physical object was on the tramway. Traditional Methods involved survey engineers taking physical manual readings on track, which creates its own inherent dangers.

Monitoring solutions involve geodetic, geotechnical and environmental sensors and monitoring software. LDG Datum’s monitoring solution for this project consisted of twoLeica Nova MS60多立场，一个LS15数字级和GeoMoS monitoring software。该解决方案允许非侵入性运动监测；因此，该地区可以在整个项目的整个期限内保持开放，而不会对公共或铁路服务造成干扰。

“ Datum的现场核心活动是使用Leica Geosystems的机器人多固化 - MS60进行对双Luas Light Railway轨道的连续扫描。这些仪器连续扫描双电车，并直接托管数据，直接托管到安全的网页上，以审查相关的派别，”saidMark Hodgen, director at LDG Datum。

The team also usedvibration monitoring用融合的声音级麦克风捕获由现场作品和使用电感位移传感器引起的地面传播振动，以监视相邻结构上现有裂纹的裂纹运动。连续的灰尘监测站，此外，该站用于捕获当地的PM10颗粒或颗粒污染的水平。

捕获准确的数据只是开始

The main monitoring tasks captured all heave or settlement [vertical elevation of ground] of the light way tram line through the激光扫描with the MS60. To keep the rail track area free from hurdles, no prisms on or near-by the track were mounted. Hundreds of mark points along the closest part of the rail were, therefore, measured with laser scanning. The captured scans consist of thousands of measurement points with X,Y,Z coordinates, allowing to detect outliers [blunders] and ensure that the wanted position [area] is measured in a reliable way, even under normal load of the rail track traffic and the adjacent pedestrian area.

Three initial scans set a baseline to obtain a reference scan. All subsequent scans were compared to their reference scan and calculate the median deformation between the reference and the subsequent scan. This value is used to compare against a defined threshold. TII’s code of practice solicits to trigger alarms, should displacement occur. The system provided automated alerts notifying designated stakeholders when values surpassed the designated threshold.

The scanned data captured by the two MultiStations was collected through GeoMoS and hosted on LDG Datum’s secure website so its client and TII could have full visibility of the current and historic recorded values. This量身定制的过程, from the acquiring of the data to the deformation analysis, wasfully automated。

"Data was checked and compared to historical data allowing a safe protocol to be followed. Our bespoke physical on-street precise levelling captured by Geosystems LS15, was undertaken weekly, to provide the contractor with assurance and a back-up that the automated monitoring was working as planned. Vibration and noise monitoring were also carried out on surrounding buildings during the demolition, piling and construction phase,”saidHodgen。“LDG Datum offered Walls Construction a complete remote monitoring systems package, so they can access and review data.”

Reducing risks

通过Geomos收集和处理的所有仪器数据都维持利益相关者在铁路附近的施工工作中通知Luas轻轨稳定性，同时阻止了对服务的任何中断。在该项目中获得了可靠的成功，基准正在复制此事automated monitoring systemon all its tramway projects along the Luas line.

“Our primary focus for this project, considering the level of geotechnical and construction works, was ensuring that public infrastructure and surrounding buildings remain undisturbed. LDG Datum has a high level of credibility in the monitoring sector. Therefore, we engaged with Mark and his team who designed a suitable system that complied with the O’Connor Sutton Cronin (Consulting Engineers) specification and Transport Infrastructure Ireland’s Code of engineering practice for working on, near or adjacent the Luas light rail system,”said Cathal Healy, divisional director for Walls Construction。“LDG Datum delivered a highly accurate, reliable and commercially viable service, and we were delighted to have had them on this project.”

承包商，就像墙壁建设一样reduce their exposure to risks, before during and after construction通过不断监视该项目通过其生命周期进行的。地理系统的监视系统detect and help rectify potential problemsin any structure before a situation becomes critical or worse out of control.

LDG Datum Website –www.lloydsdatumgroup.com