监视都柏林通勤者的安全

作者：Renata BarradasGutiérrez

全世界的城市需要建立，维护和扩展基础设施，尤其是公共交通系统，以使人们（无论是商人，购物者还是学生）继续前进，以保持一个国家及其经济的发展。

但，have you ever thought what goes behind moving people safely across a city?Although most likely building or repairing infrastructure first comes to mind, there are other crucial activities, just like监视, that although unnoticed, help engineers and designers to understand the impact of structural movements of infrastructure and materials. Toreduce risk to infrastructure,早期的和精确的监视是必要的。

支持我们每个人的基础设施，无论是道路，桥梁，水坝，建筑物和铁路都会遭受危害，环境因素和负载压力。基础设施的压力和风险可能来自直接使用，也来自其他因素，例如附近的建筑工地和发掘。在爱尔兰都柏林的Luas轻轨系统的北部北部是这种情况，在那里，对一组商业建筑的建设（建造以应对对学生住宿的需求不断增长），以确保运输系统的完整性。

有六十七个站和42.5 kilometresof track, Dublin’s Luas light rail system safely carried4180万乘客在2018年。为了最大程度地减少与Luas的安全和结构完整性有关的当前和未来问题，Datum Monitoring Ireland（Lloyds Datum Group的一部分）是一家专业公司远程监测土方工程结构和运输基础设施，通过专门的监测系统不断分析双Luas轻轨系统的数据。

警报24/7

Walls Construction要求LDG基准提供有效，准确和可靠的警告系统这将operate 24/7如果阈值超出规格，并近乎实时通知利益相关者。监测系统需要满足设计要求，地方议会法规和运输基础设施爱尔兰（TII）的实践守则，而无需任何时候中断铁路运营。LDG数据的团队还必须确保电车道上没有物理对象。传统方法涉及调查工程师进行身体手动读数，从而造成了自己的固有危险。

监视解决方案涉及测量，岩土技术和环境传感器以及监视软件。LDG Datum的监视解决方案该项目由两个组成Leica Nova MS60多立场，一个LS15数字级和GeoMoS monitoring software。该解决方案允许非侵入性运动监测；因此，该地区可以在整个项目的整个期限内保持开放，而不会对公共或铁路服务造成干扰。

“ Datum的现场核心活动是使用Leica Geosystems的机器人多固化 - MS60进行对双Luas轻轨轨道的连续扫描。这些仪器连续扫描双电车，并直接托管数据，并直接访问了安全的网页，以审查相关的派系，”说LDG Datum主任Mark Hodgen。

团队也使用了vibration monitoring用融合的声音级麦克风捕获由现场作品和使用电感位移传感器引起的地面传播振动，以监视相邻结构上现有裂纹的裂纹运动。连续的灰尘监测站，此外，该站用于捕获当地的PM10颗粒或颗粒污染的水平。

捕获准确的数据只是开始

The main monitoring tasks captured all heave or settlement [vertical elevation of ground] of the light way tram line through the激光扫描with the MS60. To keep the rail track area free from hurdles, no prisms on or near-by the track were mounted. Hundreds of mark points along the closest part of the rail were, therefore, measured with laser scanning. The captured scans consist of thousands of measurement points with X,Y,Z coordinates, allowing to detect outliers [blunders] and ensure that the wanted position [area] is measured in a reliable way, even under normal load of the rail track traffic and the adjacent pedestrian area.

三个初始扫描设置了基线以获得参考扫描。将所有随后的扫描与参考扫描进行比较，并计算参考文献和随后扫描之间的中位变形。该值用于与定义的阈值进行比较。TII的实践守则触发警报，如果发生位移。该系统提供了自动警报，当值超过指定阈值时，通知指定的利益相关者。

通过Geomos收集了这两个群集捕获的扫描数据，并在LDG Datum的Secure网站上托管，因此其客户端和TII可以完全了解当前和历史记录的值。这量身定制的过程, from the acquiring of the data to the deformation analysis, was完全自动化。

"Data was checked and compared to historical data allowing a safe protocol to be followed. Our bespoke physical on-street precise levelling captured by Geosystems LS15, was undertaken weekly, to provide the contractor with assurance and a back-up that the automated monitoring was working as planned. Vibration and noise monitoring were also carried out on surrounding buildings during the demolition, piling and construction phase,”说霍奇。“LDG Datum offered Walls Construction a complete remote monitoring systems package, so they can access and review data.”

Reducing risks

通过Geomos收集和处理的所有仪器数据都维持利益相关者在铁路附近的施工工作中通知Luas轻轨稳定性，同时阻止了对服务的任何中断。在该项目中获得了可靠的成功，基准正在复制此事自动监控系统在其沿Luas系列的所有电车道项目中。

“Our primary focus for this project, considering the level of geotechnical and construction works, was ensuring that public infrastructure and surrounding buildings remain undisturbed. LDG Datum has a high level of credibility in the monitoring sector. Therefore, we engaged with Mark and his team who designed a suitable system that complied with the O’Connor Sutton Cronin (Consulting Engineers) specification and Transport Infrastructure Ireland’s Code of engineering practice for working on, near or adjacent the Luas light rail system,”说Cathal Healy, divisional director for Walls Construction。“ LDG数据提供了高度准确，可靠且在商业上可行的服务，我们很高兴能将它们参与这个项目。”

承包商，就像墙壁建设一样reduce their exposure to risks, before during and after construction通过不断监视该项目通过其生命周期进行的。地理系统的监视系统检测并帮助纠正潜在问题in any structure before a situation becomes critical or worse out of control.

LDG Datum网站 -www.lloydsdatumgroup.com