建造a precise monitoring network

我们每天伴随的结构似乎是静态的，并且对我们的眼睛无法改变。天气条件，衰老，人类活动，地质变化和其他因素改变了这些结构，并对工程师构成了挑战，他们努力维持我们经济和日常生活所依赖的建筑物的健康。

结构ral behaviours are not always predicable by design and simulations. An unexpected bridge failure cannot just prevent you from arriving to work or getting back home. A lack of proper monitoring and maintenance can also result in the total isolation of cities and even in the loss of lives. Engineers, therefore, need to detect in an accurately and timely manner any structural movements under all natural physical conditions.

To gain knowledge of the integrity and changes of any structure, engineers today have Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) tools to obtain a clear picture of the current state, degradation and evolution of any structure to make fast informed decisions.

Led by UbiPOS UK as the prime contractor, consortium members including academics from the University of Nottingham’s Geospatial Institute and industrial partners from Leica Geosystems, GVL, Amey, Transport Scotland and China Railway, are developing GeoSHM (GNSS and observation for Structural Health Monitoring), a system to provide users with an integrated solution to monitor and assess in real time the operational conditions of different types of assets. Aware of the challenges to maintain the structural safety and operation of long span bridges, the European Space Agency (ESA), has supported the grant through the Integrated Application Promotion (IAP) Programme.

完整的图片

It is of critical importance to have the ability to monitor remotely and in real time any asset. GeoSHM uses real-time data gathered with Leica Geosystems GNSS receivers and software to analyse the operational conditions of bridges with the GeoSHM Deformation Analyst that is developed by the consortium.

Leica Geosystems GNSS监视系统通过生成3D实时位移和桥梁的倾斜来提供完整的图像。Geoshm将数据转换为有用的信息，以最终用户并通过基于Web的接口提供其提供精确的变形信息，从而使Bridgemasters可以理解桥梁在正常加载条件下的加载和响应效果。

幼儿园可以根据当前条件来衡量结构设计模型的性能，以识别极端天气条件下的异常变形并在毫米水平上检测运动。当变形超过指定参数时，Geoshm变形分析师会发出早期和紧急警告。通过这种方式，Geoshm提供了一项提供24/7监测的服务，并通过及时确定结构性故障并在事件发生后评估桥梁来促进目标维护。

“我们选择了Leica Geosystems产品的高定位精度bob综合app下载和可靠性。这GR10， 这GM30接收者和Leica GNSS蜘蛛software are stable, easy to use, and provided excellent results,” said Dr. Xiaolin Meng, GeoSHM project leader from Nottingham Geospatial Institute. “Integrating Leica Geosystems GNSS technology allowed us to simplify our process, save time, and remotely control and monitor the status of the project.”

测试平台

苏格兰东部的一座长期悬架桥的福斯公路桥是Geoshm的测试床。这座桥是在1964年开幕的，当时是欧洲最长的钢悬架桥。当这座桥是在1950年代设计的时，工程师无法预测这一至关重要的走廊在东南和苏格兰东北部之间的交通不断增加。最初旨在维持每天30,000辆汽车的交通，通常可以暴露于最初设计的交通的两倍。

这Forth Road Bridge, like many other span suspension bridges, must defy the most challenging conditions, such as unexpected deformation, unusual traffic loading, temperature changes, high winds and extreme tides. Bridgemasters and infrastructure managers, therefore, have an urgency to understand the behaviour to develop a maintenance programme that allows access to a rapid, targeted, and automated assessment of the bridge’s health to assure cost efficient maintenance and management.

您可以信任的传感器网络

目前，Geoshm服务从四个永久性Leica Geosystems GNSS接收器和两个衡量风速的动态测量值收集了Forth Road Bridge数据，但是该计划将由财团进一步扩展。Leica GNSS蜘蛛软件提供了用于控制和操作已安装的GNSS参考站和网络的专业解决方案。GNSS接收器通过互联网处理实时通过Leica Spider收集和流式传输数据，从而提供了与Geoshm变形分析师分析桥梁健康状况的位置。

一个Leica GR10参考站设置在桥之上，三个Leica GM30监控接收器设置为整个桥梁，以从GNSS卫星中获取数据，并通过光纤网络发送到本地枢纽。GNSS数据是通过安全的Internet连接到诺丁汉大学中央处理中心的安全连接来处理的，并将其与从桥梁传感器收集的数据集成在一起，以生成变形和以毫米精度和高分辨率的变形和位移信息的变化。在控制中心，将进一步处理的GNS数据作为变形信息与Insar（遥感中使用的雷达技术）结合使用，以测量长期结构趋势和局部环境效应。

一个经过验证的解决方案

使用Leica GeoSystems监视技术以及其他传感器，Geoshm项目旨在建立一个最先进的系统，该系统可以解决长桥的结构变形监测和其他关键基础设施的挑战，并结合参考的模型通过多个利益相关者的参与来监视系统。作为下一阶段的发展，Geoshm将在中国的一系列桥梁上进行扩展。

Geoshm使用使用Geoshm变形分析师发动机授权的Leica Geosystems GNSS解决方案，表明对这种关键运输基础架构有深入的了解和监测可以扩展和维护老化桥梁的寿命。Leica GNSS监视解决方案提供了重要的信息，以通过有针对性的检查方法和及时确定潜在的结构损害来降低维护成本。