培训急救人员，护理人员，护理人员，虚拟现实中的危机管理团队

德国红十字会和六边形地理系统的开创性作品与Leica BLK360成像仪bob体育报道

虚拟现实(VR)作为educational medium is not a new topic. For more than 20 years, different solutions and concepts have been used for military and other public safety training. VR training is, though, new in health care, in rescue services (first responders, paramedics, nurses) as well as in disaster management.

什么是虚拟现实？

VR training uses 3D computer graphics that depict various scenarios giving users the feeling of being on-site, as close to reality as possible. The immersion in the digital world and the interaction of the users, enhanced by haptic or audio stimuli, the ego-perspective and the feeling of “presence” complete the concept of virtual training.

在教育中使用VR

什么时候使用面向VR的培训特别有意义？特别是在真正的培训昂贵，耗时甚至危险的情况下，就像在某些医学领域一样，在救援行动（尤其是与志愿者）以及灾难管理中。

A recent survey of the German Federal Statistical Office shows a theoretically large potential for VR training, measured by the number of employees in German hospitals. In 2017, full-time employees in 1,925 German hospitals were as follows:

• 161,200 doctors
• 733,200名非医疗服务的人
• 23,000人没有直接就业（在2700名医疗服务中）
• 328,327人在护理服务中。

In addition, here are the numbers of full-time and volunteer employees of the most important German aid and rescue organisations:

• 德国红十字会：140,000名员工和40万志愿者
• Deutsche Lebens-Rettungs-gesellschaft：560,000名成员
• Arbeiter Samariter Bund：41,000名全职员工和20,000名志愿者
• Johanniter-Unfall-Hilfe：21,850名全职成员和37,218名志愿会员
• Malteser Hilfsdienst E.V.和Malteser Hilfsdienst GGMBH：35,000名全职员工和51,000名志愿者

为什么在虚拟现实中进行教育？

一个反复出现的论点支持虚拟训练in this area is the flexibility and the location independence of training scenarios. Depending on the area of application, a corresponding digital reality can be designed and implemented with little effort. The learning contents can be conveyed safely, since they are virtual. The further advantages include potentially increased patient safety, as even complex processes and procedures can be practiced repeatedly and higher learning effectiveness, as the "journey through the body" can be understood and practiced in detail, so that the error rate is minimised for interventions that have been practiced routinely and repeatedly.

模拟，现实的环境

For the operational reliability in a rescue or emergency scenario, response teams (including voluntary helpers) can test different approaches and procedures directly in a simulated ambulance environment. The G RC Kreisverband Herford-Stadt e.V. (German Red Cross Herford City Association) is doing pioneering work in this area under the direction of Ralf Hoffmann, managing director of the district, and Thomas Pilz, honorary digitisation officer (both: DRK Kreisverband Herford-Stadt e.V.) in cooperation with Hexagon Geosystems among others.

BLK360扫描救护车

3D digitisation of ambulances

早在2019年，Leica BLK360，市场上最小的3D成像激光扫描仪和Leica Pegasus：背包是移动映射激光扫描解决方案，用于数字化救护车。救护车的3D数据模型用于创建一个模拟器，用于培训目的（与Fraunhofer IGD等）一起用于培训目的。

德国红十字会的救护车在VR中

病房的3D数字化

从那以后，在德国红十字会（GRC）使用不同项目的小型但强大的BLK360，用于不同项目，圣安斯加医院的护理和医院（与Catholic Hospital Association Weser-Egge（KHWE）刚刚被扫描和数字化。

使用Leica BLK3D扫描病房

与GRC和GRC的进一步项目Catholic Hospital Association Weser-Egge用于主要（紧急救援）和二级手术（重症监护和患者运输）的KHWE也即将到来，例如减震室的数字化以及检查和治疗室。

GRC，KHWE和Hexagon Geosystems的合bob体育报道作。“谢谢”视频

BLK360 3D激光扫描仪如何工作？

BLK360用全彩色全景图像捕获了3D的环境，这些图像被叠加在高度精确的点云上。BLK360是同类工具中最小，最轻的工具，由于其一键操作，它易于使用。现在可以处理iPad的任何人都可以使用高分辨率3D全景图像捕获环境。

关于BLK360的一些事实：

• Enables scanning at the touch of a button in high, standard and fast resolution
• 是大约1公斤的轻量级（适合快递袋）
• 只需不到3分钟即可扫描完整的视野（标准分辨率），并以150 mp的形式产生球形图像
• 产生360,000个激光扫描点/秒

VR培训的优势

• Reliability of the personnel in action: Routines in exceptional situations can be trained repeatedly
• Realistic environment with the feeling of being on-site
• Authentic learning impression
• 各种运动场景
• Possibility of repeated training
• 在潜在危险的地方锻炼期间培训师和学员的安全
• Intuitive operation without special IT or programming knowledge
• Safe distance (in times of pandemics, like Corona)
• 提高患者安全
• 节省时间
• 对志愿工作有吸引力

VR培训对于培训师也有许多优势。培训的引言已经直接在系统中作为教程集成。在培训期间，集成软件可以通过线索或进度分析伴随培训过程，以检测和最大程度地减少受训者的错误。这减少了监督工作并加速培训。培训可以灵活设计，并且可以随时随地提供。学员和讲师单独和共同学习和工作。这也增强了团队的精神，并以有趣的方式激励利益相关者。

凭借基于虚拟现实的培训的所有优势，仍然必须强调，VR教育是经典传统培训的补充和扩展。VR教育无法完全取代面对面的培训。

In situations when in-person training is particularly challenging, costly or even dangerous, the use of Virtual Reality technology is useful and recommended. Flexibility of scenario design, location independence, safe and realistic learning environment make VR training a very good supplement to classical training. The German Red Cross Kreisverband Herford-Stadt e.V. and its partners, including Hexagon Geosystems, are successfully carrying out pioneering work in the field of VR training and are already making digital training a reality today.

Contact us有关在VR教育中使用激光扫描的更多信息。