推进遗产修复的地理技术

作者：Reka Vasszi

Modern geomatics techniques, such as laser scanning, 3D modelling and photogrammetry are gaining more and more interest in the cultural heritage field. All the data acquired with these state-of-the-art technologies could be stored in a digital Building Information Model (BIM) database. Including all aspects and information concerning an architectural feature, such as the geometry, materials and restoration needs, BIM models can support any maintenance plan and the sustainable conservation of ancient buildings.

培训未来的遗产保护者with modern methods and equipment, is inevitable to preserve national sites and cultural treasures. DHARATAL, an architecture studio focusing on heritage conservation and sustainable development, and the Belgian Chapter of the Indian National Trust for Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) in collaboration with Madhya Pradesh tourism are fostering the use of advanced technologies in the documentation of cultural heritage. The participants of a five-day workshop surveyed Rajnagar, a small historic town in the close vicinity to Khajuraho in India praised for its cultural and built heritage.

该研讨会旨在结合地理技术和恢复方法，以提供跨学科知识，并支持Rajnagar堡建筑群和Orchha历史悠久的花园的保存和文档。学生使用各种Leica Geosystems的设备和软件参加了第一手活动，以学习文档过程。参与者学会了如何：

• Carry out surveys using theLeica FlexLine TS06总站和莉卡维瓦TS11手动总站。
• 用扫描仪P20捕获古老的建筑物P40高清3D激光。扫描仪后处理数据气旋3D point cloud processing software and无穷调查软件。

“我在这个研讨会上度过了美好的经历。总体而言，这是非常良好的管理，我学会了如何将地理和恢复技术相结合以保护文化遗产，”阿说。Sanjukta Das，Dy Patil技术研究所助理教授。

探索Rajnagar和Orchha的失落花园

The region of Khajuraho is a globally renowned tourist destination, visited for its temples dating back from the 9^th到12^th世纪。Khajuraho的寺庙集团是印度最受欢迎的联合国教科文组织世界遗产之一，该地区也对Rajnagar和Orchha的邻近堡垒和皇家花园获得了更多认可。

拉杰纳加尔（Rajnagar）是恰塔尔布尔王室的住宅小镇^th世纪。这些花园的历史尚不清楚，因为档案不存在，口头传统也很少在大麻的雄伟花园中。保存拉杰纳加尔（Rajnagar）的丢失花园 - 指的是关于花园的有限科学知识。该地区的旅游业为当地人口带来利益。

Rai Praveen Palace和Gardens的Bird's Eye。在上下文中可见的纪念碑是Jahangir Palace和Chatarbhuj寺。

该项目是Khajuraho和更广泛地区开发的翻新战略的一部分。该项目的第一步是记录网站的所有建筑特征，创建3D模型和数字数据库，以计划历史和科学知情的堡垒和皇家花园的重建。该研讨会向想要加深对地理方法和现代技术知识的学生开放。

“The workshop at Rajnagar was one of its kind – a digital documentation training for architects and architecture students,”阿说。Spa的助理教授Jivantika Satyarthi。

培训未来的遗产保护者

在研讨会的第一周，有29名学生接受了Leica Geosystems Total Station和Leica P系列3D激光扫描仪的培训。bob apple参与者可以学习如何进行调查和记录历史建筑，在这种情况下，是恰塔尔帕尔统治的玛哈拉哈的弟弟的堡垒。

Students were taught classical surveying techniques, using total stations and learn more sophisticated methods, such as 3D modelling, virtual reconstruction, close range photogrammetry, laser scanning and drone photography.

为期5天的密集课程的结果是详细的点云，这是Fort Complex的3D模型以及未来保护工作的总体规划。

从数字现实到历史保护

In the second week of the workshop, professionals documented and carried out a condition assessment of the Orchha garden. Both INTACH Belgium and Madhya Pradesh tourism board were presented with the documentation undertaken. The elaborate results helped to propose a future conservation management plan for the heritage structures and gardens.

“Fantastic documentation of Orchha Gardens and very good base for future reconstruction works,”Madhya Pradesh旅游委员会高级顾问Om Prakash Misra表示。

Training the next generation of surveying and heritage professionals with modern equipment and methods opens new horizons in heritage preservation – from planning in digital realities to taking actions on site.