用于监视的建模 - 当毫米很重要时

Author:Renata BarradasGutiérrez

抽水储存水力发电厂是从水中提取能量的各种方法之一。立陶宛最大的水电能源是Kaunas水力发电厂和Kruonis泵送储存水力发电厂（KPSHP）。KPSHP是立陶宛能源系统的支柱，该系统已经成功为家庭和企业提供了20多年的能源。这个最先进的能源设施位于考纳斯市附近，是波罗的海地区最大的植物之一。

这900千瓦的水电站设计to generate electricity, balance consumption by regulating voltage, frequency and load fluctuations, and compensate energy deficiency in case of an emergency situation. According to Lietuvos Energijos Gamyba, the KPSHP covers 6 per cent of Lithuania’s total electricity demand and is capable of ensuring 94 per cent of the total necessary energy reserves for Lithuania in case of emergency – a deformation in its structure can be fatal to Europe’s Baltic state energy system.

Going high tech for dam monitoring

To monitor KPSHP, UAB SmartOffice surveyed the hydroelectric plant using the Leica Nova MS60 MultiStation to collect measurements and a point cloud of the structure. The 3D data collected allowed UAB SmartOffice to analyse the surface and calculate the verticality of the hydroelectric plant. The model generated with the point cloud will also serve as a reference for future scanning that will monitor the current conditions and deformation of the dam.

“Scanning with Leica Nova MS60 MultiStation has brought more results than expected. Besides 3D scanning up to 1,000 metres, the main benefits were time saving, accuracy and simplicity,” said Jonas Varnas, general manager at UAB SmartOffice. “Using the MS60 was as simple as a routine using a TPS but combining the precision of TPS measurements and 3D scanning into one system.”

借助MS60多稳定，可以在一个视图中使用覆盖的测量点和3D模型来调查复杂的站点，从而使用户可以执行垂直性和变形检查，以更可靠，更快，更完整的方式识别损害和缺陷。自学习跨性别的3D扫描功能可帮助用户扩展其提供的服务组合，并能够使用：

• 施工监测
• 质量检验
• clash detection
• as-built Building Information Modelling (BIM)

The KPSHP was monitored by geotechnical sensors, so no geodetic equipment was used. In comparison to other sensor technologies where deformation information is limited to few points, the MS60 MultiStation provides the ability to measure a dense amount of points and provide the measurement of displacements in relation to millions of points with overlaid TPS measurements.

Inspecting and comparing surfaces

What makes the Kruonis plant special is its ability to operate in pump mode during periods of low demand or as a traditional hydroelectric plant to supply the normal energy demand during the day.

大坝上部储层的这些水位变化可能会导致变形。因此，KPSHP当局有兴趣分析大坝的表面和垂直性，以变形识别位置，并将扫描模型与理想模型进行比较。

3D Reshaper是用于使用Point Clouds的测量师的重要软件，允许UAB SmartOffice以毫米精度测量，检查和比较表面，以显示偏差信息。从点云生成的建模表面提供了现实的准确表示，以检测整个结构的形状变化。

Varnas说：“ 3D Reshaper允许我们进行最佳的形状导出，通过几种集成工具分析表面，并允许我们的客户以非常清晰的方式检查表面 - 正是我们的客户正在寻找的东西。”

Monitoring matters

In dam monitoring, millimetre precision is required. The consequences of structural deformations in these structures go beyond multimillion costs. Consequently, deformations should be discovered and monitored in a timely manner to ensure a safe operation and usage, and cost-effective construction and management.