用于监视的建模 - 当毫米很重要时

Author:Renata Barradas Gutiérrez

水电站利用流动water; the most extensively exploited renewable energy resource. Our daily activities and economies depend on a constant supply of electricity; hence, monitoring displacements and deformations to prevent problems related with structural failure, cracks or ageing material in hydroelectric plants is of vital importance.

Pumped storage hydroelectric plants are one of the various ways of extracting energy from water. The biggest hydropower energy sources in Lithuania are the Kaunas Hydropower Plant and the Kruonis Pumped Storage Hydroelectric Plant (KPSHP). The KPSHP is a pillar for the Lithuanian energy system that has been successfully supplying energy to homes and businesses for more than 20 years. Located close to the city of Kaunas, this state-of-the-art energy facility is the one of the biggest plants of its type in the Baltic region.

这900千瓦的水电站设计to generate electricity, balance consumption by regulating voltage, frequency and load fluctuations, and compensate energy deficiency in case of an emergency situation. According to Lietuvos Energijos Gamyba, the KPSHP covers 6 per cent of Lithuania’s total electricity demand and is capable of ensuring 94 per cent of the total necessary energy reserves for Lithuania in case of emergency – a deformation in its structure can be fatal to Europe’s Baltic state energy system.

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高科技进行大坝监控

To monitor KPSHP, UAB SmartOffice surveyed the hydroelectric plant using the Leica Nova MS60 MultiStation to collect measurements and a point cloud of the structure. The 3D data collected allowed UAB SmartOffice to analyse the surface and calculate the verticality of the hydroelectric plant. The model generated with the point cloud will also serve as a reference for future scanning that will monitor the current conditions and deformation of the dam.

“使用Leica Nova MS60多个扫描带来的结果超过了预期。除3D扫描最多1,000米外，主要的好处是节省时间，准确性和简单性。” UAB SmartOffice总经理乔纳斯·瓦尔纳斯（Jonas Varnas）说。“使用MS60与使用TPS的例程一样简单，但是将TPS测量的精度和3D扫描结合到一个系统中。”

借助MS60多稳定，可以在一个视图中使用覆盖的测量点和3D模型来调查复杂的站点，从而使用户可以执行垂直性和变形检查，以更可靠，更快，更完整的方式识别损害和缺陷。自学习跨性别的3D扫描功能可帮助用户扩展其提供的服务组合，并能够使用：

• construction monitoring
• quality inspection
• clash detection
• as-built Building Information Modelling (BIM)

The KPSHP was monitored by geotechnical sensors, so no geodetic equipment was used. In comparison to other sensor technologies where deformation information is limited to few points, the MS60 MultiStation provides the ability to measure a dense amount of points and provide the measurement of displacements in relation to millions of points with overlaid TPS measurements.

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Inspecting and comparing surfaces

What makes the Kruonis plant special is its ability to operate in pump mode during periods of low demand or as a traditional hydroelectric plant to supply the normal energy demand during the day.

These water level changes in the upper reservoir of the dam can cause deformations. The KPSHP authorities, therefore, were interested in analysing the surface and verticality of the dam, identifying places with deformation and comparing the scanned model with the ideal model.

3D Reshaper, an essential software for surveyors working with point clouds, allowed UAB SmartOffice to measure, inspect and compare surfaces displaying deviation information with millimetric accuracy. The modelled surface generated from the point cloud provided an accurate representation of reality to detect millimetric changes in shape for the entire structure.

Varnas说：“ 3D Reshaper允许我们进行最佳的形状导出，通过几种集成工具分析表面，并允许我们的客户以非常清晰的方式检查表面 - 正是我们的客户正在寻找的东西。”

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监视事项

在大坝监测中，需要毫米精度。这些结构中结构变形的后果超出了数百万个成本。因此，应及时发现和监测变形，以确保安全操作和使用以及具有成本效益的构造和管理。