Land Air Water

作者：本杰明·费德曼（Benjamin Federmann），2016年5月

Knobel-Bau的砾石采石场还包括两个人造湖泊，这些湖泊通过专门装备的船进行了调查，以进行水文检查。但是，缺少的是整个采石场的鸟瞰图。Ingenieurteam Geo专注于测量工程技术，以确定Knobel-Bau的采石场的剩余数量。通过使用Leica GeoSystems的无人机（UAV）创建地理参与的正码和数字地形模型，该公司能够详细介绍当前情况并提供有效的库存减少计划。使用机载数据，工程师有可能确切地记录难以访问的区域，包括河岸地区和计算。

For this residual volume calculation of Knobel-Bau GmbH gravel pits, especially geo-referenced orthophotos and digital terrain models provided a good visualisation of the measurement and calculation results. The airborne data was generated by using Leica Geosystems UAV solution.

“有了这个详细的历史概述，我们的客户可以更精确地协调提取过程，” Ingenieurteam Geo的所有者兼董事总经理Martin Schwall说。“这使客户能够根据可用的最新和最准确的信息安全地计划如何处理其余材料。”

结合克服独特的挑战

A longtime user of Leica Geosystems levelling and GNSS instruments, IngenieurTeam GEO first became interested in UAV technology when it became part of Leica Geosystems portfolio in 2014. Streamlining surveying components into a fast and efficient process for projects was a key factor in pursuing UAVs for spatial data collection.

Schwall说：“收集到的数据的准确性对我们来说很重要，但所有测量设备的可靠性，功能和质量也很重要。”“我们决定将此无人机用于该行业的信誉。然后，我们培训了一名员工成为一名专业飞行员，我们已经能够扩大业务。自从他的培训和认证以来，我们不仅提供陆地和水上的测量服务，而且还提供了空中的调查服务。”

The aerial survey of the extraction site, including its artificial lakes, and the simultaneous hydrographic survey of the water using the special survey boat posed a specific challenge. Essential to this particular project, both tasks had to be precisely coordinated to provide Kobel-Bau with accurate information.

高高飞行，衡量低

To create the common dataset for the most efficient deliverable, the various survey methods had to be linked, which required technical solutions and the pilot’s expertise to generate reliable data. To obtain this, the firm devised an exact flight plan using specially developed flight planning software. Using an overview map, a waypoint flight plan facilitated precise planning of the autonomously conducted aerial survey.

Schwall说：“工作流的开放界面为我们提供了最优质的数据，几乎没有损失。”“然后，我们可以轻松地将空中和水文数据无缝地结合起来，以实现一个有价值的可交付。”

The aerial survey was conducted after determining highly visible and suitable ground points for the georeferencing of the data. With the ability to immediately review the generated data (pictures taken with a high-resolution compact camera) after each flight, the survey quality was quickly validated. The camera, fixed to the free-floating gimbal of the flying multi-sensor platform, enables the pilot and others to review the photographic material as soon as the UAV is on the ground. The images are added automatically during the waypoint flight and tagged with GPS coordinates that are generated by the UAV.

Calculations showed the project would need five flights each lasting six minutes to cover the 55 hectare area. The flight altitude for this kind of topography was established at 90 meters. Due to the wind conditions of the area on the day of the survey, the pilot decided to carry out a total of seven individual flights. As a responsible UAV owner, IngenieurTeam GEO flies the UAV in conditions of a maximum wind speed of 6 m/s to ensure safety.

Trouble-free, all collected data could be combined to form a highly precise model. The areas surveyed with Leica Geosystems total stations, as well as the sonar results of the surveying vessel, merged seamlessly together with orthographic photographs of the UAV.

结合水文调查的结果，Ingenieurteam Geo能够完整地概述该地点和当前情况，而Knobel-Bau用来促进其业务。

“The combination of survey data from the air, from the ground and from the surveying boat has led to an excellent result. The orthophoto, the exact volume calculation and the 3D model of the gravel pit permit prospective planning and accurate assessment of the actual situation,” said Michael Knobel, managing director of Knobel-Bau. “The economic implementation of large-scale projects and the associated results of IngenieurTeam GEO is a decisive advantage in comparison to all conventional and traditional methods.”

日益增长的潜力

在超过45个航空项目和大约350次单独的航班之后，Ingenieurteam Geo继续对Leica Geosystems无人机的数据准确性印象深刻，而仅在投资上肯定的投资回报率只是积极的投资回报率。

“Using Leica Geosystems UAV for aerial data generation has allowed us already to reduce our outdoor process times from entire days to hours or even minutes,“ said Schwall. “We consider the interlinking of different Leica Geosystems technologies and the interaction between software and survey instruments to be the crucial difference to classical surveying methods and commercially available photo drones. This combo makes it easy for us to generate data and to provide our customers with essential information.”