When electricity is on the line

向整个国家提供电力是一项艰巨的任务。当大约三分之一的国家被树林覆盖时，它的要求更高，而其他三分之二的人则包含欧洲最高的山顶，即阿尔卑斯山。

为了提供不受干扰的供应并保持电力流，Alpiq Enertrans AG集成了Leica Geosystems无人驾驶飞机（UAV）解决方案中的工作流程，以管理对电线，绝缘体和电线杆的视觉检查。Alpiq Enertrans AG不断发展使用无人机来改善工作流程，将其提升到了一个新的水平，为植被管理创造了创新的方式，并使用Leica Geosystems Hexacopter监视环境威胁航空电缆。

Vegetation management from the air

Regular monitoring of the environment around infrastructural constructions is the first step in vegetation management. These structures include:

• 电力线路
• 管道
• Railways

下一步是计划和进行维护工作，以防止任何事件。因此，需要在周围的植物区与线之间的最小距离。这在航空电力线方面非常重要。由于绝缘层太重，线周围的空气可作为无导向的保护。为了防止任何短路，彼此之间的线条或任何植被都不应比最小距离更近。

地球断层和短路可能会造成严重的破坏，火灾，甚至导致一条线的拆除，这可能意味着成千上万的人停电。最小差距取决于国家法律，运营电压和公司给出的定制偏移。

In the past, Alpiq EnerTrans AG was using experts to walk next to the powerlines to estimate the space between the conductions and the vegetation, to see if anything would interfere with the minimum gap. In doubt, the whole segment of the conduction had to be shut down and the crew had to climb up to get a more detailed view.

Neither was this method very accurate, mainly because it was based on appraisals, nor was it very efficient. With most of the constructions being built in difficult terrain, the inspections were very time consuming and it was a major effort for the crew to inspect the powerlines through the rough terrain. Apart from this method, Alpiq EnerTrans AG monitored its grid by using helicopters with infrared-, korona-, RGB-cameras, as well as laser scanners, to get ahead of possible threats caused by the environment

Alpiq正在寻找植被管理的新方法，并在基于无人机的解决方案中找到了他们的完美匹配：

• 提高效率
• Heighten safety
• Increase precision

使用无人机来获取与小型船员和轻型设备相结合提供的直升机的详细信息，是多功能性和颗粒状的完美结合。为了捕获与分析有关的所有数据，Sony Alpha 7R具有其全帧CMOS传感器（36.4megapixel），并将28毫米镜头安装在无人机的阳性上。

使用无人机监视电动线环境的第一步是准备飞行计划。稍后需要监视的每个细分市场必须在飞行前进行调查，以获取各州和可能的危险点。当工作人员在下一步计划最有效的航向飞行时，这变得很重要。

内部构建的飞行计划软件计算了无人机的最有效路线，地面采样距离（GSD）和高度，向您显示了整个操作的持续时间和路点。完成这项任务的另一种方法，尤其是在该区域难以预测的情况下，是在功能上的教学，在这里，无人机从飞行中保存了航路点，以便下次在这个地方记住它们。

To increase the precision, the a RTK/GNSS module can be attached and references the UAV with a scope of 1-3cm. This method is based on the technology of NovaTel and Leica Geosystems.

驱逐开销线路后，数据的进一步处理开始。在特殊软件中使用无人机日志文件的GPS数据进行录制的图像。通过搜索的数据，创建了该区域和环境的准确3D点云。

在下一步中，添加了位置和极高的数据，并通过极点的GPS坐标引用模型。设置模型后，添加计算的电导，以模拟最大导体线圈SAG。

在进一步的过程中，计算出的点云是给瑞士公司Picterra GmbH。该软件确定植被和电源线之间的距离。这些点在确定最小距离的点云中标记。情况计划源自该模型，该模型显示了危险以及包裹的边界和数字，道路，路径，线条和桅杆名称。根据情况计划，可以清楚地找到危险点的坐标。

找到合适的差距

通过使用Leica Geosystems无人机解决方案，Alpiq现在能够准确地确定高架线和周围植被之间的距离as much as ± 30cmin order to ensure a smooth operation of their routes. Since the current paths must frequently be checked at irregular intervals, the full potential of the UAV develops, in this case, in order to generate exact and comparable results from partial sections.

The entire monitoring can now be carried out by a small crew, since only one other person is required to watch HD live transmission on the screen. The cost advantage compared to a helicopter and the associated crew as well as the elaborate sensors is obvious. Another advantage of using an UAV is the possibility to generate precise data again and again in order not only to create snapshots but to generate a longitudinal section for a long-term study from the data obtained.

Leica GeosystemsUAV as a floating multisensor platform also offers the possibility to use other measuring methods. So, Alpiq EnerTrans AG is extending the workflow to a multispectral camera, such as the Parrot Sequoia, to determine the Normalised Differenced Vegetation Index (NDVI) of the vegetation. This can identify regions that need to be inspected more frequently due to increased plant growth. This operation消除了对昂贵和大规模检查的需求使用直升机，可以准确地预测到受植被威胁的高架线的区域。

The UAV is also equipped with a LiDAR sensor to achieve even more precise results. By using a LiDAR sensor, the UAV can generate毫米精确点云从空气中，更精确地工作。

使用无人机收集数据管理数据的优势不仅是降低成本和增加的安全性。相反，基于无人机的开放线监视是一种多重灵活性，可以选择性且高度精确的植被管理。在现场检查或使用直升机的情况下，仅收集瞬时记录。该工作流与无人机生成数据，可以从中模拟和分析各种方案。这使得不仅可以确定实际情况，还可以进行详细的预测。

"The aerial robot from Leica Geosystems supports Alpiq EnerTrans AG optimally in the fulfillment of our demanding inspection tasks. A device for professionals by professionals!" - Rudolf Meier, chief executive of Alpiq EnerTrans AG

通过Alpiq Enertrans AG的创新方法，通过使用Leica Geosystems UAV来指定和现代化植被管理，该公司不仅可以更有效地工作，而且还可以依靠可靠的数据来抵消任何故障。