Monitoring above and below ground in London's heart

Author: Matthias Gropp

城市的指数增长对运输基础设施有影响 - 隧道，铁路和桥梁比以往任何时候都更广泛地使用。随着这种需求的增加和老化的基础设施，更智能的交通管理和维护制度，以最大程度地减少运输中断和管理安全风险。重要的是要监视任何维护或施工工程的影响，以确保任何运动都保持在预期和可接受的范围之内。

The required monitoring output information can come from a wide range of manual and automated survey and sensor methodologies. This is where a professional full-service surveying and monitoring company, like Murphy Surveys, comes into play. As one of the leading surveying and monitoring firms in the United Kingdom and Ireland, the company offers a wide range of services – from aerial LiDAR survey to underground radar and monitoring of structures using geodetic, wireless geotechnical and structural sensors.

Murphy Surveys created a resilient sensor network using Leica Geosystems solutions toprovide reliable processed data to monitor any changes and deformations affecting underground tunnels, assets and buildings inside the zone of influence surrounding a major development project in London’s inner city。

创建传感器网络

伦敦心脏地带的摄政公园开发项目涉及建筑物的拆除以及新建筑的开挖和建造。卸载的影响区 - 由于挖掘和构造新建筑时的加载，延伸a radius of approximately 80 metres。The encompased area includes Grade 1 and 2 listed historical buildings, London Underground tunnels, and electrical supply substations assets.

墨菲调查的专用监视部门使用光学和传感器监控设备的混合bob applemonitor any changes impacting the zone of influence building area。监视配置可连续自动监视上述和地下结构，以生成两种类型的报告：

1. 布鲁里溃疡地面运动的分析报告ildings and other technical assets, such as a power supply transformer station or medical equipment in a nearby surgery, and;
2. A ground movement report monitoring the tunnel of the Jubilee Line North and Southbound tunnels as well as the Metropolitan Line tunnel that passes underneath the demolishing site.

这两个监视过程连续运行，更重要的是，阻止人们被送往危险区域，降低了成本，风险和安全性的提高。

The power of combined technologies

墨菲调查多个岩土和相结合optical monitoring technologies in a sensor network in the overall scheme:

1. Leica MS60 MultiStationsfor laser monitoring of facades;
2. Wireless tilt metres for stable deformation, convergence and longitudinal settlement monitoring in London Underground tunnels
3. Automatic vibration, noise and dust monitoring;
4. Alarm features usingLeica GeoMoS monitoring solution, allowing all project stakeholders to have access to the monitoring data base with different set permission levels to view or modify reports and receive alarm messages;
5. The integration of all data into Leica GeoMos, an off-the-shelf software to provide the client with all the monitoring data within one software and web interface.

To monitor multiple buildings on this London inner city project, Murphy Surveys uses three MS60 MultiStations geometrically connected over common control points and wired up to Leica ComBox5 to broadcasts the monitoring data via internet broadband to the GeoMos servers.

The Metropolitan Line double track brick tunnel is being monitored by an automatically controlled MS60 MultiStation reading in track reflector and laser scan data. The two Jubilee Line tunnels are fitted with 250 Senceive wireless tilt sensors connected through a fibre optic cable to broadcast the data to the internet and GeoMos.

This innovative approach awarded Murphy Surveys in March 2015 to win the competitive tender process to monitor the above and below ground assets, as well as the environmental monitoring, for London’s Regent’s Park project.

An inclusive monitoring system

GeoMoS Software is the platform where all data are collected, validated, processed and delivered.

“怪异使我们能够观察并记录建筑物和地面运动的参数，铁路轨道和伦敦地下隧道段的变形。Geomos记录了来自各种传感器源的所有监视数据，例如3D反射器数据，手动升级和斜率数据，Senceive的无线倾斜传感器数据以及激光扫描数据，”said Andrew Masters, technical manager at Murphy Surveys.

Leica GeoMos 6.0 automatically analyses laser scan point clouds for deformation analysis. The output is a colour coded point cloud where the colour indicates the size of the deformation on a colour scale, making easier to find deformation areas across a monitored surface.

“我们建议对Leica Geosystems的开发团队进行某些改进，这使我们现在可以将纵向，横向和高度偏差分开，以及单个数据点以自动计算隧道内衬的纵向沉降和卵形变形。”大师说。

Beyond the geometrical monitoring, the team of surveyors also collects data from various environmental sensors on site, such as dust, vibration and noise sensors that run their own alarming routines but accumulate in the weekly data report within the GeoMos web interface. The use of GeomosNow provides an integrated data interface to the client’s engineers. The software narrows down the real-time data flow running through thousands of sensor channels to asimplified clear report。

“The new technology streams laser scan data from the ATS to the GeoMos software in real time. The new algorithm processes automatically the monitoring surfaces and compares them to a baseline survey,”大师说。“Movement exceeding the set parametres triggers automatically laser scan monitoring. This continuous live communication and data exchange from site to office, provided by our reliable equipment, eliminates delays and costly site revisits.”

Choosing partners strategically

墨菲调查使用Leica Geosystems Solutions进行了三十年的时间进行数千项测量和监测项目。尽管需求因项目而异，但始终需要详细，精确和及时的数据。为了监视摄政公园开发项目，挑战是提供激光扫描技术，地形测量和监视解决方案的正确组合，以及时提供精确和可靠的数据，同时最大程度地减少任何干扰和增加的安全性。

“We concentrate on the quality of our staff and innovation. For this reason, we choose suppliers and partners that match the requirements for quality, innovation and cost effectiveness over the short, medium and long term. Collaboration with Leica Geosystems and sensor specialists like Senceive enables us to provide an innovative and flexible service for our clients,”explained Kai Duebbert, managing director of Murphy Surveys.

“For a large global manufacturer, Leica Geosystems has shown great flexibility, for example in reacting rapidly to our ideas on how to customise software routines and to solve new local challenges on site. This kind of support is critical to deliver the most suitable solution and give the client the comfort to only deal with one service partner for all his survey, BIM and monitoring requirements,"concluded Masters.