Unveiling the tomb of an ancient Egyptian priest

The digital documentation of heritage sites is a fundamental step to record the actual condition of an archaeological monument and facilitate the decision-making of experts for a comprehensive conservation plan.

Since 2005 The Mexican Archaeological Mission of TT39 agreed to an unusual, yet astonishing proposal to investigate, excavate and restore the pharaonic tomb of Puimra dating back to 1500 B.C. in Luxor, Egypt. The goal of the Mexican team in Luxor was to refurbish and document one of Egypt’s most important unrestored burial chambers and open its doors to the public.

With the help of theLeica BLK360imaging laser scanner and狮子旋风三维点云处理软件,是一个团队ble to carry out a precise survey of all underground chambers, exterior surroundings and detailed carvings and paintings on the walls. The digitalisation and restoration of the extensive tomb not only helped preserve the site for future generations but shed light on the reign of one of Egypt's few female pharaohs, Queen Hatshepsut.

Unfolding an ambitious restoration project

The tomb of Puimra dates back to the reign era of Queen Hatshepsut and Thutmosis III (circa 1478 – 1500 B.C.). Puimra was among the highly-respected magistrates, because as the second priest of the god Amun ─ a major ancient Egyptian deity ─ he participated in the construction of Queen Hatshepsut’s temples.

普伊姆拉（Puimra）在王国中的重要作用不仅体现在他的埋葬坟墓的规模和复杂性中，而且他的生活也被描绘在位于Theban Necropolis的Khokha的墙壁上。该坟墓是作为一系列地下室和隧道建造的hypogeumconnected to the facade with a porch and decorated with stelae, false doors niches and low-relief baseboard in the exterior.

The main objective of the Mexican Archaeological Mission was to restore this architecturally-complex tomb in danger of collapsing and being lost forever. The joint effort of several Mexican archaeology, architecture, paintings restoration, hieroglyphic epigraphy and photography specialists from different Mexican institutions like Sociedad Mexicana de Egiptología, Universidad del Valle de México,研究所学院(INAH), Secretaría de Relaciones Exteriores and SYSTOP, is led by Gabriela Arrache Vértiz, director of the Mexican Archaeological Mission. The project is supported by Manuel Villarruel Vázquez and Ángel Mora Flores, restorers and Leica Geosystems equipment experts at INAH.

“ Leica Geosystems的3D扫描技术促进了牧师遗产的保护，并将其遗产留在了子孙后代”突出显示的ArracheVértiz。

The archaeological mission started in 2005 and continues until today. Year by year the team is closer to fulfil the following goals:

• 对坟墓进行完整的调查。
• 分析和诊断损失。
• Design a conservation plan and develop the different phases of the restoration work.
• Epigraphic analysis.
• Consolidation and restoration of decorated walls, ceilings and vaults.
• 恢复Bas浮雕雕刻。
• Integrate modern methods into architectural and epigraphic surveys, using 3D laser scanning technology to shed light on the deterioration process and serve as the base for future research.
• Facilitate the creation of a cultural and educational program, including printed and digital documents based on the 3D survey.

用BLK360收集最小的细节

在2018年，在团队开始重建和整合原始墙壁，保险库和天花板之前，Inah的专家不得不调查并记录所有钱伯斯和坟墓的外部，以获取最好的细节。

“由于该团队的一些成员使用Leica Geosystems设备有超过12年的经验，因此我们毫无疑问，我们需要BLK360，这是一种激光扫描解决方案，以实现最高质量和精确度，”said Villarruel Vázquez, coordinator of the architectural restoration team from INAH.

在BLK360成像激光扫描仪和旋风3D点云处理软件的帮助下，该团队能够捕获墙壁和穹顶的所有细节。综合点云使分析绘画，雕刻的题词以及葬礼室建筑特征的微妙合成成为可能。描绘牧师生活的墙雕刻和绘画正在帮助研究人员重建古代生活，工艺和海关，数字化文化表现形式。

Point clouds and spherical images were collected to a digital database, including floor plans, 3D models and architectural plans. The lost segments of the walls, vaults and structural cracks were, in addition, registered and digitally documented for further reconstruction and research.

Leaving a legacy for future generations with the help of laser scanning

像BLK360和Cyclone软件一样，在遗产bob综合app赌博保护项目中使用高级3D现实捕获技术是墨西哥考古学家的里程碑。使用3D现实捕获解决方案收集的数据将有助于Inah的研究人员，bob综合app赌博建筑师和考古学家团队评估损害的水平，并计划下一个工作季节Puimra墓碑的修复过程。

由于结果得出的高可靠性ined and the long-term low cost of ownership of the BLK360, Leica Geosystems’ laser scanning technology will be used until the completion of the restoration project.