When electricity is on the line

作者:本杰明·费德曼

向整个国家提供电力是一项艰巨的任务。当大约三分之一的国家被树林覆盖时,它的要求更高,而其他三分之二的人则包含欧洲最高的山顶,即阿尔卑斯山。

为了提供不受干扰的供应并保持电力流,Alpiq Enertrans AG集成了Leica Geosystems无人驾驶飞机(UAV)解决方案中的工作流程,以管理对电线,绝缘体和电线杆的视觉检查。Alpiq Enertrans AG不断发展使用无人机来改善工作流程,将其提升到了一个新的水平,为植被管理创造了创新的方式,并使用Leica Geosystems Hexacopter监视环境威胁航空电缆。

空中植被管理

Regular monitoring of the environment around infrastructural constructions is the first step in vegetation management. These structures include:

  • Powerlines
  • 管道
  • Railways

下一步是计划和进行维护工作,以防止任何事件。因此,需要在周围的植物区与线之间的最小距离。这在航空电力线方面非常重要。由于绝缘层太重,线周围的空气可作为无导向的保护。为了防止任何短路,彼此之间的线条或任何植被都不应比最小距离更近。

地球断层和短路可能会造成严重的破坏,火灾,甚至导致一条线的拆除,这可能意味着成千上万的人停电。最小差距取决于国家法律,运营电压和公司给出的定制偏移。

过去,Alpiq Enertrans AG使用专家在电力线旁边行走,以估计电导和植被之间的空间,以查看是否会干扰最小间隙。毫无疑问,整个传导部分都必须关闭,船员必须爬上来才能获得更详细的视野。

Neither was this method very accurate, mainly because it was based on appraisals, nor was it very efficient. With most of the constructions being built in difficult terrain, the inspections were very time consuming and it was a major effort for the crew to inspect the powerlines through the rough terrain. Apart from this method, Alpiq EnerTrans AG monitored its grid by using helicopters with infrared-, korona-, RGB-cameras, as well as laser scanners, to get ahead of possible threats caused by the environment

vegetational Management using the Aibot X6

Alpiq正在寻找植被管理的新方法,并在基于无人机的解决方案中找到了他们的完美匹配:

  • 提高效率
  • Heighten safety
  • Increase precision

使用无人机来获取与小型船员和轻型设备相结合提供的直升机的详细信息,是多功能性和颗粒状的完美结合。为了捕获与分析有关的所有数据,Sony Alpha 7R具有其全帧CMOS传感器(36.4megapixel),并将28毫米镜头安装在无人机的阳性上。

使用无人机监视电动线环境的第一步是准备飞行计划。稍后需要监视的每个细分市场必须在飞行前进行调查,以获取各州和可能的危险点。当工作人员在下一步计划最有效的航向飞行时,这变得很重要。

内部构建的飞行计划软件计算了无人机的最有效路线,地面采样距离(GSD)和高度,向您显示了整个操作的持续时间和路点。完成这项任务的另一种方法,尤其是在该区域难以预测的情况下,是在功能上的教学,在这里,无人机从飞行中保存了航路点,以便下次在这个地方记住它们。

To increase the precision, the a RTK/GNSS module can be attached and references the UAV with a scope of 1-3cm. This method is based on the technology of NovaTel and Leica Geosystems.

vegetational Management using the Aibot X6

After the expulsion of the overhead lines, further processing of the data begins. The recorded images are georeferenced with the GPS data of the UAV’s logfile in a special software. Through the georeferenced data, an accurate 3D point cloud of the area and the environment is created.

在下一步中,添加了位置和极高的数据,并通过极点的GPS坐标引用模型。设置模型后,添加计算的电导,以模拟最大导体线圈SAG。

vegetational Management using the Aibot X6

在进一步的过程中,计算出的点云是给瑞士公司Picterra GmbH。该软件确定植被和电源线之间的距离。这些点在确定最小距离的点云中标记。情况计划源自该模型,该模型显示了危险以及包裹的边界和数字,道路,路径,线条和桅杆名称。根据情况计划,可以清楚地找到危险点的坐标。

找到合适的差距

By using the Leica Geosystems UAV solution, Alpiq has now been able to accurately determine the distances between the overhead lines and the surrounding vegetation toas much as ± 30cm为了确保其路线的平稳操作。由于必须经常以不规则的间隔检查当前的路径,因此在这种情况下,无人机的全部潜力会产生,以从部分部分产生精确且可比的结果。

现在可以由小型机组人员进行整个监控,因为只有另一个人可以在屏幕上观看高清直播传输。与直升机和相关机组以及精美的传感器相比,成本优势是显而易见的。使用无人机的另一个优点是,有可能一次又一次地生成精确的数据,不仅要创建快照,还可以从获得的数据中生成纵向部分进行长期研究。

Leica Geosystems无人机作为浮动多传感器平台还提供了使用其他测量方法的可能性。因此,Alpiq Enertrans AG将工作流程扩展到多光谱相机,例如鹦鹉红杉,以确定植被的归一化植被指数(NDVI)。这可以确定由于植物生长增加而需要更频繁地检查的区域。这个操作消除了对昂贵和大规模检查的需求使用直升机,可以准确地预测到受植被威胁的高架线的区域。

The UAV is also equipped with a LiDAR sensor to achieve even more precise results. By using a LiDAR sensor, the UAV can generate毫米精确点云从空气中,更精确地工作。

vegetational Management using the Aibot X6

The advantages of collecting data for track management with an UAV are not only the reduction of costs and increased security. Rather, the UAV based open-line monitoring is a multiple flexible and allows selective and highly precise vegetation management. While in the case of an on-site inspection or the use of a helicopter, only momentary recordings are collected. The workflow generates data with an UAV, from which various scenarios can be simulated and analysed. This makes it possible not only to identify an actual situation but also to make detailed forecasts.

"The aerial robot from Leica Geosystems supports Alpiq EnerTrans AG optimally in the fulfillment of our demanding inspection tasks. A device for professionals by professionals!" - Rudolf Meier, chief executive of Alpiq EnerTrans AG

With the innovative approach of Alpiq EnerTrans AG to specify and modernise vegetation management through the use of Leica Geosystems UAV, the company not only works more efficiently, but it can also depend on solid data to counteract any malfunction.

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