将废墟转换为3D型号

作者：Reka Vasszi

Heliopolis, the City of the Sun was inscribed in 1984 as an UNESCO World Heritage site. This ancient Roman city, today called Baalbek, in the Beqaa Valley in Lebanon has a complex of temples that is an outstanding example of ancient Roman architecture. The Temple of Bacchus, in the sanctuary complex of Baalbek, is among the largest, best preserved and most impressive of its kind.

To数字文档并保留Bacchus神庙的威严，以后，黎巴嫩国际大学的测量工程系的硕士学生捕获了3d的寺庙。

“我们使用了一种新的自动数字3D陆地激光扫描技术来创建Bacchus神庙的3D模型。使用Leica Scanstation P30enabled us to effectively and quickly capture the temple and develop 3D models that can be used for renovation and Virtual Reality (VR) applications,” said Professor Mohammad Abboud from the Lebanese International University.

识别历史层

The Temple of Bacchus, built between 150 to 200 A.D, is the architectural manifestation of the myths and legends surrounding the god of wine, joy, drama and fertility. The Roman God Bacchus was the personification of the blessings of nature, which is gorgeously sculptured on the walls of the ancient temple.

From the 12th to 14th century, the sanctuary complex, including the Temple of Bacchus, was combined and converted into a large castle that became part of Baalbek's medieval fortification. Although subsequent layers of building helped to preserve the antique architecture, distinguishing the stages of this built-environment is a challenge.考古学家对现代技术进行了复​​杂的分析，以重建古城and identify the different historical layers and materials that make up the ancient Roman settlement under the later medieval additions.

尽管古城不断重建，但百年来，巴克斯神庙仍遭受了盗窃，战争和地震的困扰。1759年的地震极大地破坏了圣殿的结构。由于古罗马城市位于容易发生地震的地区，因此重要的是要监视结构并确定可能的运动，以确保游客的安全并保存圣殿。

Creating digital databases for heritage

黎巴嫩国际大学的测量工程专业的学生进行的激光扫描被证明是一种准确有效的解决方案，可以在有限的时间内收集精确数据，并允许研究人员以独特的方式向公众介绍考古学 -通过3D模型和交互式数字应用。

团队使用Leica Scanstation P30。然后，工程专业的学生与Leica一起处理了办公室的数据Cyclone注册360 3D点云处理软件，以注册并清洁提取表面网格的数据。点云提供了有价值的度量数据，以生成Bacchus庙的详细3D模型。

除了laser scanning，收集更多详细信息，aerial photogrammetry被用来捕获巴克斯神庙及其周围环境的全景照片。

在几何分析，地形建模，摄影测量和3D激光扫描的帮助下，考古学家和建筑研究人员的传统研究方法补充了精确的数字信息。

比较传统和现代技术

传统方法（例如GPS设备）更耗时，并且不会在3D中捕获信息。传统的2D图纸在描述3D空间中的几何形状位置时受到限制，并且通常呈现出空间的理想，而不是现实。bob apple总站是可靠的，能够收集3D数据，但是，缺乏支持3D可视化的点密度。

但是，考古站点的重建需要激光扫描可以提供的数据密度。3D data documentation can leverage traditional survey techniquesto ensure data accuracy and accurate global positioning. This data lends itself to Building Information Modelling (BIM) and other visualisation techniques to创建一个复杂的数字数据库，该数据库是未来修复或重建的基础如果需要，巴克斯神庙

3D scanning the past for the future

遗产保存是一个连续的过程， 那includes documentation, analysis, monitoring, restoration and protection。我们的文化遗产宝藏,就像殿of Bacchus, are fragile and vulnerable to environmental and human hazards. Digitising these majestic examples of the built environment can be used to preserve the original site as it exists today and create该网站的数字记录可以在未来很长时间访问。