Digging deeper with monitoring

Author:Martin Rub, Lidija Špiranec & Katja Omlor

瑞士联邦铁路（SBB）initiated a long-term expansion project together with the city of Winterthur to increase the performance of the Winterthur railway station. Due to the increasing number of passengers deciding to go with this environmentally-friendly transport alternative – daily around 120.000 people – Switzerland’s fourth-largest railway station required a larger pedestrian underpass in the North for better entrances to the platforms, as well as an adjacent bicycle tunnel which connects the two parts of the city and is also leading to a large bicycle garage. The planned new pedestrian and bicycle underpass also included various stores for an enhanced shopping experience. For this complex project – especially when stopping the rail traffic was not an option – the SBB contractedARGESTRABurg(STRABAG AG and Burger Stahlbau AG) for the construction part, whereasTerradata AG由承包商选择该项目的整个监控和测量范围。

The expansion has a functional and visual undertone: asides to raising the quality of travelling and living, this project is supposed to help turn the Winterthur train station into an attractive city gate entrance, connecting the old town centre and the new part of the city. The new pedestrian and bicycle underpass, a new logistic centre and an underground parking spot for cyclists will increase passengers’ safety and comfort when choosing this type of transport.

Whenever a project touches people’s lives, especially in terms of their safety, selecting the best partners is of utmost importance.

A daring project with high safety requirements

The new pedestrian underpass “Nord” at the Winterthur railway station passes under seven existing railway tracks. For this purpose the engineering consortium, encompassingLocher Ingenieure AG,F. Preisig AGand10：8 Architekten GmbH, created a concept of a 50-metre wide corridor - with 14 temporary railway bridges overpassing it during the four years of construction. Moreover, to safely guide the pedestrians during the duration of the project,PUWIengineering consortium planned a separate temporary steel bridge for the pedestrians. This temporary bridge needs to be monitored for safety reasons, too. Finally, this complex project also encompasses an existing car park above the train station, including an access ramp. The parking deck will be statically laying on top of the train station. In the underpassing area, the pillars have to temporarily support the construction of the new underpass ceiling and the pre-mentioned pillars for the parking deck.

Figure1: Cross-section of the new underpass and the temporarily supporting micropiles for the parking deck framework above. The visualisation also shows the parking deck and the temporary bridge (left and right) including anchors. The coloured points emphasise the monitored points. Drawing by Locher Ingenieure AG.

在施工，定居和运营轨道的位移, the temporary bridges and the existing parking deck, overlaying the train station, have to be permanently monitored every 15 minutes.

As the railway needs to remain fully operational and safe, the monitoring systemTerradata已安装的警报在检测到定义阈值之外的运动后立即发送警报。这个复杂的项目不仅结合了测量轨道变形，还结合了在停车甲板进行全面大修期间监视其他建筑工艺的结合。由于这些原因，临时桥梁在各端（蓝点）受到磁反射棱镜的监测。在临时桥的前后，每4.8 m（蓝点）进行一次监控。支撑停车甲板的临时支柱（洋红色点），在四个不同的高度水平上进行监测，以检测可能的定居点，同时挖掘其微孔。

Figure2: Terradata’s concept for measuring all the coloured monitoring points.Drawing by Locher Ingenieure AG.

The mo布鲁里溃疡nitored区域必须扩展到邻国ildings too to prevent structural damage and ensure peoples’ safety. Terradata AG collects data using geodetic and geotechnical monitoring sensors. Based on the gathered data, 3D deformations are calculated (like twist and settlement of railways tracks and other typical railroad parameters).

Figure3: Leica Geosystems monitoring total station on a ceiling mounting plate.

Figure4：左：火车经过临时桥梁，由微孔支撑。右：轨道镇流器的过渡区域将其上进到临时钢桥上。这两种结构均在三年内每15分钟通过利卡特总站进行测量。bob apple

The monitoring super package

Terradatarelies on Leica Geosystems’ total stations and its GeoMoS monitoring solution for automatic deformation monitoring, one of the crucial parts being theLeica Nova TM50 monitoring total station. It is the best instrument for monitoring railway operation – fast and quiet, barely ever getting noticed by the passengers on the platforms.

The equipment combination, chosen for the Winterthur site, was:

• 7 Leica Geosystems automated monitoring total stations
• 420 glass precise reflective prisms
• 25 hydrostatic levels for building subsidence monitoring
• 20 pressure sensors to monitor load
• 2 vibration sensors to monitor structural vibration
• 40 crack meters to monitor the impact of underpinning the railway building
• 20 tilt sensors to monitor micropiles

Figure5: Left: BIM model of the underpinning construction of the railway building with its micropiles. Right: Excavation work where the building was pressed onto the temporary micropiles (BIM byF. Preisig AG).

Figure6:TEDAMOSWeb Viewe(由Terradata瑞士监控解决方案)r with all measurements for the underpinning of the railway building. Two 3D Leica total stations monitored the façade. A water levelling system monitored the height of the existing building, and the expanding way of the 40 hydraulic presses was measured by crack meters. Biaxial MEMS sensors monitored the inclination of the micropiles. The monitoring project was continuous (24/7) with a measuring interval of up to 1 minute while activating the load presses.

Figure7: Example of the deformation time series of one parking deck monitoring point, showing seasonal effects (expanding and shrinking) of the steel structure (dL component) and the alarm levels in yellow, orange and red.

Figure8: Leica Geosystems monitoring total station on a slanted pillar.

Choosing the right partner

Terradata AG, Switzerland’s largest provider of surveying and monitoring services, took on this exciting monitoring challenge.

“Our solutions aim at early detection and defence against potential dangers – we are specialised in ensuring safety where structures, infrastructures, soil and natural hazards play the main role,” said Martin Rub, Teamleader Monitoring. “The railway project in Winterthur allows us to apply our entire set of equipment and software. We’ve chosen Leica Geosystems’ monitoring solution because we always strive to keep our competitive edge.”

选择Leica Geosystems产品的主要原因是其总站的质量。bob applebob综合app下载除了专业的利卡格地理系统监控软件外，Terradata还使用其专有开发TEDAMOS(Swiss Monitoring Solution by Terradata) to visualise the data.

Figure9: In addition to automatic monitoring, a vast number of manual deformation monitoring tasks are performed.

创新是唯一的未来策略

Terradata AG has a powerful company motto: “We measure and document – wherever buildings and soil play the main role.” The latter connects perfectly with Leica Geosystems’ slogan, “When it has to be right.” A strong equipment partnership during complex monitoring projects means that the customers need to be able to rely on their equipment 24/7. Terradata AG is eagerly expecting further technological innovations in the communication segment. Leica Geosystems is looking forward to additional exciting projects where safety is ensured with industry-leading hardware, software and service, all-in-all providing top-levelmonitoring solutions.

Interested in monitoring? Please feel free to read further case studies, showing how our customers use our solution to improve their monitoring workflow:

Monitoring Case Studies