扫描'直到你下降
When an international retail group approached the Australian surveying firm, Project Surveyors, about creating a survey-accurate architectural and structural Revit model for the country’s second largest shopping centre, the firm was excited to participate. When the deadline was set for only 90 days later, Project Surveyors knew while future centre customers may shop till they dropped, the firm’s seven qualified laser scanning surveyors would be doing the same with 3D laser scanning.
The Sydney shopping centre is currently undergoing redevelopment, and the client needed a fully-parametric Revit Building Information Modelling (BIM) model for architects, engineers and facility managers to accurately plan the work needed. Covering a space of 375,000 square metres with vari-ous dimensional obstacles, such as cascading floors, topographic level changes and add-on buildings of diverse sizes, Project Surveyors faced one of its most complex jobs in its 43-year history.
“The enormity and complicated aspects to the building meant that our surveyors had to be meticulous when documenting scan positions and on field notes to assist in the registration of scans,” said Andy Jackson, Project Surveyors’ BIM Spatial manager. “With our Leica Geosystems instruments and soft-ware, we could ensure this.”
扫描，充满信心
项目测量师使用各种Leica Geosystems解决方案来捕获，模型和分析数据。从Leica Scanscations C10和P20开始，测量师能够捕获分钟细节。由于其远程能力，Leica Scanstation C10用于外部外墙和内部用于大型结构，例如停车车库。内部，Leica Scanstation P20用于其在低分辨率下产生快速可靠数据的质量。
“P20的快速扫描时间有助于我们改善现场工作流程，增加了每天四倍的扫描数量，”杰克逊说。
测量控制、项目测量员使用Leica TS15 and Leica MultiStation MS50. The Multi-Station was also used to scan windows for simpler capturing. Establishing a survey control network around the perimeter of the site and throughout the shopping centre at each level, these instruments ensured millimetre precision for aligning scans of the retrofitting construction. Laser scan targets were coordinated within the control network to maintain the accuracy of the overall point clouds.
该项目总共55天的3,700个扫描从项目中产生。来自这些扫描的点云被清洗并使用Leica Cyclone 9.0注册。由于软件内的自动对准注册，整个过程仅花了20天。与点云到点云视觉对齐相比，这将需要大约两分钟，以便在视觉上找到共点，自动对齐只需要30秒到一分钟。
杰克逊说：“当我们谈论数千次扫描时，那时不像很多扫描一样听起来很多。”“随着这些储蓄，我们能够将生产力提高至少50％。”
The firm also used Leica TruView to provide the architects with the point cloud data so they could overlay in the model and have extra information, such as dimensions they needed to extract for accu-rate and realistic planning.
“Leica Truview images were a deliverable for the client, but they also helped the modeller to have a complete understanding of what they are modelling over,” said Jackson.
Autodesk Revit 2014用于模拟架构元素，而Autodesk Revit机械，电气，管道（MEP）用于创建管道，工厂，管道和其他服务，以创建装载码头的部分MEP模型。随着该项目的大小和细节将采取一个武员120天完成，项目测量员在一个有线和大数据网络上的一个中央模型中合作工作。
Using the export option in Leica Cyclone 9.0, the surveyors exported the point clouds either separately as binary ptg files or unified as pts files. Autodesk Recap was then used to convert the files into Autodesk-compatible rcs files, which could then be inserted into Revit and modelled over. Using Leica Cloudwork for Revit, Jackson added that the exportation and conversion steps of the workflow would be eliminated, providing modellers with point cloud conversion tools as well as a single master data source rather than multiple files and versions of files to deal with.
“Using this laser scanning technology, we have won similar large projects, such as one in Sydney where we’re working with the same consultants who used this model as an example to the project owner of what they required as survey information,” said Scott Deveridge, Project Surveyors director. “Referrals to provide a similar service on another challenging project is the best feedback we can get.”
从HXGN生活中吸取的经验教训
在项目开始前几个月的Las Vegas参加了HXGN Living 2014，Pro-Ject测量师发现购物中心项目是一个有价值的机会，将一些课程放在国际会议和展览中练习的一些课程。使用这些新想法，该公司真正的速度节省了75％。
Using scan-to-scan registration and auto alignment, the firm decreased its dependence on targets for every scan. The surveyors also used a lower resolution, kept the scanner operating between setups, and created a wheeled-transport tripod to relocate the scanner faster.
“Whereas before we were only able to collect about 16 scans per day, using what we learned from HxGN LIVE, we can now collect anywhere between 60 to 80 scans per day,” said Jackson. “We are also registering about 30 scans per hour, twice as much as before. This translates into significant efficiency gains, and therefore cost savings, for us.”
回到HxGN住在拉斯维加斯,2015项目ect took top honors in the annual Leica Geosys-tems High-Definition Surveying (HDS) Plan Contest. A panel of 11 qualified judges evaluated 24 en-tries based on the completeness and usefulness of the plans, the creative use of point clouds and models, and overall appearance. Project Surveyors took first place with the project in the Build-ings/Heritage category.
“我们的团队努力工作，我们一直在寻找创新的方法来改善我们的业务，”杰克逊说。“赢得此奖项确认我们对专业的承诺和我们对客户的奉献。”
A prime example
Another aspect of the Sydney shopping centre project is the innovative use of HDS in BIM. Through the use of a variety of HDS techniques in the field and in the office, Project Surveyors was able to organise and collaborate building information across an accessible platform.
“在BIM中使用激光扫描有助于我们完全了解已经存在的内容，需要做些什么，以及建筑过程的发生程度如何，”杰克逊说。“在BIM中使用激光扫描允许我们为客户提供增值可交付成果。”
This project is an ideal demonstration of making the real digital world. As HDS captures the most current and accurate situation, professionals can then implement that data into software programs, such as Leica Cyclone or Autodesk Recap, to produce the realistic workable models. Exact adaptions can then be made so that when work is carried out on site, intelligent information is clear and error-free.
“HDS技术为在几分钟内准确而明确地覆盖数字资产所需的工具和工作流程。”Leica Geosystems HDS的业务发展经理Faheem Khan表示，副总裁副总裁。“能够捕获，管理和提供所有利益相关者的信息和知识，支持我们的策略，以提供最快，最干净，最可靠的硬件以及所有项目规模，学科和用户的软件组合。”
