Capturing reality in one of the world’s busiest airports

Author: Kevin Cordeiro

Changi Airport in Singapore is famed for its calm atmosphere and the smooth running of all operations at the airport. Its long-standing reputation as the world’s leading airport can be largely attributed to the management’s progressive and innovative approach to the running of the airport. Changi Airport Group (CAG) was keen to look into how the latest laser scanning technology could be used to maintain its facilities to the highest standards in the long term.

长期观点

To further enhance aspects such as Facilities Management on an ongoing basis, Changi Airport Group needed an accurate and precise 3D model capturing every aspect of the terminal of Architectural, Structural and MEP.

在关注未来的情况下，樟宜机场集团意识到了这一机会，可以使用AS-Build Bim（虚拟复制品）实现长期价值，即使在翻新和扩展工作完成后，这也是一个有价值的工具。JTR注册测量师（JTRS）被委托进行扫描并创建T2的BIM。JTR注册测量师是一家专业的土地测量公司，以其渐进的测量和使用最新设备的渐进式方法而闻名，以提供最高的准确性标准。他们是3D激光扫描和摄影测量法 - 构造BIM所需的关键实践。在该项目中，JTRS与BIM解决方案服务提供商Geodelta System Sdn Bhd合作。

In commissioning the BIM, Changi Airport Group became one of the first in Singapore to adopt new BIM technology for future redevelopment projects. The scan was to be one of the largest Scan-to-BIM projects produced in Singapore, requiring more than 600,000 square metres of floor areas, including the MEP aspects above the architectural ceiling to be scanned with both extreme data clarity and sharp resolution for the modelling.

Synchronisation and smooth operations

With multiple parties involved in the future renovation and expansion works, the As-Built BIM incorporates all the drawings, plans, elevations, sections and perspectives. As these drawings are extracted from the model, changes are incorporated in the model and automatically updated. This approach enables project members to design and build collaboratively using one coherent system of computer models and minimising the need for site visits for further manual checks.

该项目的第一阶段涉及建立一组新的控制网络，其中JTRS为整个扫描设定了144个控制点。地理参考将为未来的项目提供一组同质信息。这使多项扫描的自信，精确的注册和地理位置可以传递给承包商，以便每个人都可以在同一基础上工作。对于控制测量，JTRS使用了Leica Nova TM50, six prisms and aLeica DNA03数字级别。

JTRS的董事兼注册测量师Jimmy Tan评论说“The Leica Nova TM50 enabled us to measure four sets of angles at each setup very quickly, with the high-angle accuracy needed to measure the horizontal and vertical angles. By measuring so many set of angles at each setup with confidence, the TM50 dramatically expedited the completion of the control survey network mapping across all three Changi Airport terminals.”

Precision at scale

To address the dual challenge of precision and scale in creating the BIM model, JTRS used the Leica Geosystems integrated scanning solution comprising of oneLeica Scanstation P40unit and twoLeica BLK360与Leica Geosystems的软件解决方案一起成像激光扫描仪。

The ScanStation P40 was selected based on its ability to reach a very high density and produce high resolution and accuracy - up to 1mm spacing of data - over the huge space combined with excellent performance and reliability. The ScanStation P40 was used for the control scan of the entire building and large areas like the departure hall and staircases, while the BLK360 addressed the small and more confined areas.

“ Leica Geosystems的集成扫描解决方案可产生丰富的数据，并且建模不仅比竞争解决方案更准确，而且还能够捕获和扫描最小的细节。尽管其他产品能够在小区域提bob综合app下载供精确度，但它们可能无法在如此庞大的区域上提供相同的数据质量，这对该项目非常重要。”

Seamless integration

Leica Cyclone REGISTERwas used to register, manage and process the point cloud data. As one of the largest Scan-To-BIM projects produced in Singapore, the scans amounted up to 1 terabyte of data. The total area scanned to produce the BIM model for Changi Airport Terminal 2 covered two layers – the ground and also the ceiling area for the Mechanical Electrical and Plumbing (MEP) information. Overall, more than 23,000 scans were setup to create the BIM model to LOD300 for Architecture & Structural and LOD200 for MEP. Using Leica Geosystems integrated scanning solutions, JTRS was able to handle this volume of data whilst maintaining stability.

Cyclone REGISTER’s visual alignment not only mitigated the need to place targets on walls to align but also allowed JTRS to manage tens of thousands of scans in a single registration. The ease with which these scans could be positioned based on common geometry further accelerated the modelling process. Thanks to the high-contrast visualised point cloud, the vast number of scans could easily be overlaid to create the mesh from which the BIM is constructed.

Having completed the 3D laser scanning and merging of the scans, the point clouds could then be exported into Leica JetStream. Changi Airport Group and system owners could then view the point clouds, make a walkthrough path and take further measurements from the digital model.

Jimmy Tan noted, “软件集成绝对是无缝的。Once we had exported the data in the correct format, it could then interface with multiple other software platforms such as Revit. The output could then be tailored according to the needs of the client (CAG).

通常，处理如此巨大的扫描的数据集成将非常耗时，但是使用Leica CloudWorx插件，团队能够将所有点云集成到修订中，以节省多达40％的时间来构建BIM模型。”

Delivering enduring value

“Efficiency was vital in such a vast project and we could not afford to lose time training the team or addressing technical challenges. Whilst the ease of use of both hardware and the software required minimal training, the Leica Geosystems team provided full support from start to end.

从测量师的角度来看，Leica Geosystems解决方案的成本值给我们留下了深刻的印象。我们使用DNA03数字水平之类的设备已有10多年的历史了，它仍然处于完美状态。但是，最大的价值是我们在此处为客户（CAG）生成的输出，因为数字模型现在可以使用数年 - 甚至几十年了，”concluded Jimmy Tan.

Changi Airport’s reputation as the world’s leading airport can also be credited to its focus not just on functionality, but also on aesthetics. The use of the 3D laser scanners enabled JTRS to capture even detailed image data incorporating the onboard colour and texture mapping without disrupting the constant flow of passengers in one of the world’s busiest airport.

The BIM model augmented missing design data and created a data-rich connected workflow, enabling CAG and future contractors to explore and experiment with plans and designs for the airport even without entering the facility – helping Changi Airport to retain its reputation as the world’s best airport.