高生活：定位美国最高的住宅建筑的地板

作者：T/F/D

On Manhattan’s ‘Billionaire’s Row’, a new glistening New York skyscraper nears completion. The Central Park Tower rises to 1,550 feet (472 metres) tall, the tallest residential building in the world, and the second tallest building in the city, second only to One World Trade Center. Construction began in 2014 and Pinnacle Industries II, LLC installed the core super-climber forming system in 2016. Due to the height of the building, Robert Mandelbaum, Survey Engineer at Pinnacle Industries II, used a GPS solution − a Leica Geosystems GNSS system − to locate the layout of each new floor.

一种新的监视方法

中央公园塔将包含179栋房屋，拥有世界上最昂贵的景色之一。街上的街道上方300英尺（超过91米），向东塔悬臂，为所有朝北居民欣赏中央公园的景色。优雅的外观没有任何东西可以使建筑的复杂性或保持建筑物的足迹一致和准确的挑战。在建造每个新楼层之前，Mandelbaum需要为Pinnacle Industries II团队提供可靠的坐标来列出结构。在较小的建筑物上，测量师将使用光学仪器从地面进行此操作，但高于一定的高度。曼德尔鲍姆解释说：“因为它是如此之高，所以我们不能使用常规的过境（运输级别）来建立位置。”“在恶劣的天气，这并没有发生。在1500英尺（超过450米）处，您看不到传统乐器。”因此，曼德尔鲍姆（Mandelbaum）首次在住宅建筑工地上使用了基于GPS的解决方案。

为每层建立控制线

The Leica Geosystems GNSS-based monitoring system works by GNSS receivers being placed on the outside of the building − the hydraulically climbed protection screen enveloping the structure in this case − and acting as control points that move up as floors are completed. The system used on the Central Park Tower construction included fourLeica AS10 SmartTrack天线with co-located 360 prisms, aLeica GM30 GNSS monitoring receiver, Leica Viva TS15 Total Station (the predecessor ofLeica TS16） 和Leica SpiderandLeica Geomos监视软件. Mandelbaum explains, “The protection screen climbed up alongside the building, so I put all the equipment on it. I didn’t have to worry about me physically moving it up because it was fixed to the inside of the screen. The GNSS antennas, I would place on the perimeter, on each corner of the building as far as I could from each other. They would give me coordinates, and using that I was able to establish control lines.” The control lines mark out where the building slabs-edges, and column and walls will be positioned and located.

Proven accuracy in a high-pressure environment

Mandelbaum说，该系统对Pinnacle II团队的最大好处是它的准确性，在任何建筑工地工作时都令人放心，尤其是高层。他使用传统技术检查GNSS测量值。“为了验证访问线或控制线从地板到地板的堆叠，每10层，我将使用一条旧学校钢琴线。从字面上看，一条钢琴线，将其掉到角落。我会将良好的80磅重的重量绑在底部，然后我会用规则对地板上的访问线进行物理检查，并与控制线一起检查。它在那里，16^thof an inch (1/6 inches = 1.55mm accuracy). It just proved that it’s right.”

Leica Viva TS15总站还用于建立控制线的位置，作为对溶液的另一项独立检查，可以针对天线读数引用。整个站点通过在GNSS天线下共列的棱镜定位自身。Mandelbaum解释说：“我会知道每个天线根据笔记本电脑上的解决方案在哪里。我会采用离我最远的天线，我也会寻找时间解决方案。我将同时插槽并射击（与总站测量）天线。而且，如果我在笔记本电脑上看到的数字相同，那么我将使用它。”

易于使用的软件显示实时数据

尽管是GNSS系统的新手，但Mandelbaum和他的合作伙伴发现它很容易使用。在Leica的支持下，通过拍摄手机上的一些流程以供参考，他说：“这很简单。”一个自认的机械师，而不是“软件盖伊”莉卡（Leica）的软件程序 - 现在是莱卡蜘蛛软件套件和莉卡·吉莫斯（Leica Geomos）！- 可轻松访问建立控制线必不可少的实时数据。“我需要学习一些步骤，仅此而已。那是小菜一碟。”

Construction of Central Park Tower is due to complete in 2021. Now that Mandelbaum’s part in the build is finished, he plans to use the Leica Geosystems GNSS system again: “If I can, I will. It has a track record that it works.”

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