桥梁康复: Monitoring a 40-year-old bridge in real-time before renovation
Case study
Author:T/F/D
葡萄牙菲格拉·达福兹（Figueira da Foz）的埃德加·卡多索桥（Edgar Cardoso Bridge）以著名的土木工程师和桥梁建设教授的名字命名。Cardoso是对结构实验分析的先驱，并开发了自己的高精度测量工具。AndréMelrinho，工程师测量师Infraestruturas de Portugal (IP), believes that Cardoso would approve of the new technology used to monitor the bridge before its latest refurbishment. Melrinho and his team usedLeica Geosystems监视解决方案to collect and process data to show its structural behaviour. Maintenance plans for the bridge were prepared based on the results obtained, ensuring that it meets current safety standards and continues to support travellers across the Mondego river.
IP是一个管理葡萄牙运输基础设施的国有组织。其目的是计划，设计，建造，维护和运营国家道路和铁路网络，并在必要时进行康复，扩展和现代化。Edgar Cardoso桥（1421 m长，包括缆桥和两条高架桥），于1982年完成。它需要定期维护。在对桥梁的最新评估中，IP假设监视项目支持和准备结构工作的建议。根据IP测量团队，“测量对于定义结构行为至关重要，并计划进行适当，更有效的维护干预措施。”
Choosing precise tools for measurement
A bridge is an ever-changing structure that poses unique challenges for engineering surveyors. Equipment needs to be precise and sensitive, yet robust and weather-proof. Having used Leica Geosystems equipment on a previous similar project, the team chose a Leica Nova TM50i total station and 44 GPR112 reflectors; a meteorological sensor to monitor temperature and atmospheric pressure; andGeomos Monitor，Geomos分析仪and现在的怪异！software for data processing and analysis. The total station measurements are used to quantify the bridge's movements with millimetre precision. Accurate information is crucial to this project, and the volume and accuracy of the displacements resulting from the solution were a determining factor for choosing the technology.
从综合数据中形成结构预测
知识产权团队说,莫期间收集的数据nitoring is critical, “allowing [us] to understand the bridge's behaviour at each step consistently.” They explain some of the comprehensive measurements taken: “The TM50i collects horizontal, vertical angles and distances, properly corrected from the atmospheric effects and given displacements after processing all observations. The objective is to evaluate the structure displacements”. The team needed to measure over an extended period to see how the bridge responded to different conditions, to “better define [the] structure’s behaviour when it’s under external factors, such as heavy traffic loads, severe atmospheric conditions, etc..” Being a cable-stayed construction, the behaviour of the bridge towers is of critical importance. “The vertical component will have a very relevant impact since more significant fluctuations in this component are expected.”
In addition to the movement data, meteorological information from the weather sensor was gathered and processed by the Leica GeoMoS software. Graphics and reports were generated by the GeoMoS Now! web application which the team used to communicate results to other IP colleagues.
Remote information and assistance
借助许多用于远程访问的解决方案，易于访问Leica解决方案，检查，修改或调整处理，并从Leica GeoSystems创建的数据库中下载数据。总站执行连续测量，通过Geomos Monitor和Geomos Analyzer自动处理。现在通过Geomos Analyzer和Geomos全天候提供结果！基于Web的应用程序。设置后，团队可以监视桥梁而无需现场，从而节省了大量时间。IP团队表示，该系统“精确，连续且自动远程访问”。
The IP team also received fast remote assistance from the Leica Geosystems support team for a firewall issue. “It was necessary for a specialist Leica Geosystems technician to access IP services, from offices in Switzerland, to identify and resolve a firewall conflict. Everything went very efficiently, and in a few minutes, a solution was found.” The team was also pleased with the training, which made sure they used the system to its fullest potential. “We promoted joint training sessions with the Leica Geosystems team and conducted internal training sessions, an ongoing process. The initial learning process was very accelerated; [we] achieved the automation of the process in less [than] 3 to 4 days.”
值得信赖的合作伙伴和技术
在基础架构上工作时，必须信任您的工具。在成功完成监控之后，IP的测量团队将在其下一个项目中使用Leica Geosystems解决方案。他们说：“设备，过程和其他配件表现出极大的稳健性和可靠性。由于该系统易于整合各种组件和节省时间，因此我们希望很快复制该解决方案，即道路和铁路基础设施。”
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