British military leads the world in shooting-range safety

每年，来自手枪，步枪和自动武器的数千万小武器弹，每年都会在英国的军事训练范围内发射。这些回合中的一些也可以行驶，即使在齐曲线后也可以行驶。许多范围很小，被限制，或具有不寻常的地形。因此，保护​​服务人员和附近的公众免受流浪巡回赛和Ricochets至关重要 - 但这是一项非常复杂的任务。

国防部在英国拥有240,000公顷的土地，包括16个主要和104个小型培训区，范围和营地。其中三分之二的人被称为国防训练庄园，仅用于为武装部队准备服务。每天约有9,000名三级服务人员（英国陆军，皇家海军和皇家空军）通过庄园。

范围安全的安全是由以前由皇家炮兵的Major（Ret’d）Charles Ross领导的Tri-Service Defense Safetnance Safety Group（DOSG）协调的。他依靠Leica Geosystems设备，包括无人机（无人机），多站和GNSS Rover来完成工作。

“I can’t commend Leica Geosystems enough for their first-class support. They’ve given us a tremendous amount of advice and are very quick to come out and solve problems for us. We’ve been very lucky that they’re so interested in what we’re doing, and they just never say ‘no’.”
-Charlie Ross, Defence Ordnance Safety Group

建模“概率解决方案”
对于他们被要求评估的每个范围，查理·罗斯（Charlie Ross）和他的团队需要确定“武器危险区域”。首先，他们使用Leica设备收集行业标准的3D点云数据来绘制该区域。这将创建一个非常精确且详细的3D数字模型的每个范围，包括范围地板的相对高度和范围。

Next, the team feeds the DFX output from those surveys into triangulation software in their world-leading ballistic modelling software, which they developed in-house. This simulates the effect of firing weapons, using highly complex mathematics to model billions of possible trajectories. It identifies where ricochets could occur, and at which angle and distance. This delivers statistical probabilities which, when merged with the topography of each range, determines the weapon danger area.

“世界上没有人会做我们做的事情。”
- 查理·罗斯（Charlie Ross），国防军械安全集团

Originally developed in 1996, the DOSG’s ‘probabilistic’ model is continually being enhanced to deliver maximum value. That’s why it’s the engine behind models used by other NATO alliance members, including the USA. DOSG also provides global consultancy services in partnership with the International Range Safety Advisory Group; for example, they recently surveyed and modelled two problematic ranges in New Zealand.

From human subjectivity to extraordinary accuracy

根据查理（Charlie）的说法，“在我们掌握了这项技术之前，如果已经使用了100年的时间，那么将军将批准一个范围为'安全'，而且从未有人被枪杀！当很明显这太主观时，较小的范围和更复杂的地形的范围就简单地退役了。然后，我们开始使用工程承包商进行调查，但这不是很令人满意。”

但是，七年前，DSOG从Leica Geosystems引入了设备，此后他们再也没有回头。他们的设备当前包括：

• TheAibot X6智能航空测量无人机（无人机）
• TheNova MS60多站 - 世界上第一个自学多站
• TheGS18T- 世界上最快的GNSS RTK ROVER。

Charlie says the Leica Geosystems kit has enabled the team to calculate risks with an exceptionally high degree of confidence. This means they can hold onto even the smallest and most complicated ranges and still keep everyone safe.

“无人机非常快速地提供精确数据。曾经需要几天的时间才能拍摄和收集六到八公顷的点云数据，我们现在可以在六个小时内自行完成，从发布到成品。我们知道，我们的结果准确且至关重要，我们自己现在收集和存储所有数据。借助所有Leica Geospatial调查设备一起工作，我们已经显着提高了准确性 - 从五米到只有10毫米的确定性。”

Which is perhaps why the model has never failed in its calculations; failure would mean death or injury to a member of service personnel, an observer or a member of the public. “Our 3D representations are a major step-change in representing, in our model, the ground on our firing ranges, and they’ve never failed us,” says Charlie Ross.