使用微脉冲激光雷达增强全球航空安全性
案例分析
Sigma太空人员
Volcanic ash is a recurring impediment to normal air-traffic operations in Europe, Asia and South America due to potential jet engine damage caused by the razor-sharp particles in dense ash plumes.
一个值得注意的例子是2010年在冰岛举行的Eyjafjallajökull火山爆发,该火山在整个西欧关闭了空中交通七天,随着新的灰羽流继续进入欧洲领空,需要间歇性关闭。关闭了300多个机场,取消了100,000个航班,并影响了1000万乘客。这场经济灾难促使研究组织更加重视开发有效的火山灰监测系统。
航空的气溶胶检测网络的评估
To address the need for better information about volcanic ash events, the Toulouse Volcanic Ash Advisory Centre (VAAC) asked Météo-France (MF), the French national meteorological service, to focus on the ash issue. MF set out to确定提供有关从地面到最低12公里高度的火山颗粒大小和浓度的准确信息的最佳方法。
随后的研究工作包括以下活动:
跟踪大气中的火山灰或灰尘的羽毛
Understanding local air quality
向空中交通管制员,气象学家和与气雾活动有关的工业站点提供警告
During the summer of 2012, using desert dust as a proxy, MF collected data provided by several LiDAR sensors and ceilometers and in-situ measurements using balloon-borne particle counters and aircraft sensors to assess their effectiveness in tracking aerosols.
使用各种传感器和仪器的相关位置,数值天气预测(NWP)用于预测不同的天气天气,考虑以下因素:
主航线附近
来自冰岛和意大利火山散发的地中海的大西洋海岸的覆盖范围
对Mocage(ModéleDeChimie Ambertique de Grande Echelle)的影响,法国化学物种传输模型
Results of Network Study Point to MiniMPL
在MF进行了初步评估后,研究了几种网络设计,以确定哪种网络设计提供了最佳的成本/收益率。根据成本和健壮性的标准,MF购买了六个Sigma Space MiniMPL LiDAR sensors。
“We decided to place five of the MiniMPL in fixed locations at Lille, Trappes, Brest, Momuy and Aleria,”研究与开发工程师MétéofranceJeanluc Lampin说。“第六个最小值被保存为移动激光雷达。如果发生灰烬事件,火山灰咨询中心将决定在大气循环和羽流的位置以获得最佳覆盖范围的最佳部署地点。”
将来,库存将添加其他MPL,以扩大覆盖范围并开发全面的全国网络。
MiniMPL提供了新的在mospheric details critical to aviation safety
MF的3,100名员工专注于开发基础设施和领先的技术,以收集气象观察,以更好地了解当前的大气状态。大气研究对于安全的机场运营至关重要。
为了改善全球和区域的天气建模和预测,MF运营着具有可重新支配的移动组件的气溶胶激光雷达传感器网络,用于火山灰预警和检测。
最小值自动的能力测量去极化makes表征研究人员可行的气溶胶类型。
“The MiniMPL network is performing very well for MétéoFrance,”Sigma Space光学工程主管Yunhui Zheng说。“By continuously monitoring the atmosphere with a network of depolarization LiDAR sensors, possible air-traffic interruptions due to volcanic ash or major dust events can be prevented or mitigated.”
The MiniMPL uses a laser with a范围高达15公里, as well as dual polarization. The dual polarization backscatter measurements allow for very high accuracy — better than 0.7 per cent. This data enables authorities to区分纯净水云的发生以及火山灰羽,灰烬/水云混合物和灰分浓度剖面。分析所有测量数据并在几秒钟内报告。
提升大气监测
Micro Pulse LiDAR (MPL) instruments, designed by Sigma Space, help scientists, meteorologists and air quality professionals monitor aerosols to better understand the structure of our atmosphere.
MPL’s long-range capabilities and high-quality signal increase efficiency and accuracy of the data capture process for improved atmospheric monitoring. Originally designed for NASA, MPL uses eye-safe lasers, precision photon counting, and built-in data analysis to deliver the best signal-to-noise ratio and thus the most reliable information in this category.
Sigma Space是Hexagon(NASbob体育报道DAQ Stockholm:Hexa b;Hexagon。Com)的一部分,这是全球领先的信息技术提供商,可在地理空间和工业企业应用程序中提高质量和生产率的提高。
有关更多信息,请访问:www.micropulseLiDAR.com