Capturing reality on the go

在Leica Geosystems，我们致力于通过创建移动，敏捷和高效的产品来提供最佳的测量技术并塑造智能变化 - 就像bob综合app下载Pegasus:Backpack。

In this new Expert Insights Section, Alessandro Nuzzo, Product Line Manager for Mobile Mapping at Leica Geosystems, explains in detail the technology, workflow and applications for this wearable reality capture solution.

What is the Leica Pegasus:Backpack?

Pegasus:Backpack is a disruptive wearable tool enabling users to capture reality faster, spending less time in the field while differentiating their business model with new applications in where and how they capture reality.

---

Can you explain the integrated technologies of the Pegasus:Backpack?

The core technology centres on navigation. We distinguish indoor and outdoor missions. For outdoors, integrating a multiple band GNSS receiver leverages all available GNSS satellites from around the globe to achieve a high sigma confidence in terms of positioning accuracy. Furthermore, we have the Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) consisting of three gyroscopes and three accelerometres that compensates the movements while walking and collecting data.

For indoor missions, we rely on the IMU and the LiDAR Simultaneous Localisation and Mapping (SLAM) algorithm. While scanning and creating a map, SLAM is able to detect the environment and calculate the trajectory based on LiDAR measurements. The Pegasus:Backpack provides a robust trajectory even in GNSS-denied areas.

In addition to the trajectory, we have two LiDARs collecting 600,000 points per second and five automatic exposure controlled, high dynamic cameras with 4 MPix resolution each – enabling feature extraction over LiDAR or measurements over accurate photogrammetry. All the data are stored inside an integrated multi-core industrial PC with one terabyte solid-state drive storage in order to save long missions easily.

The system is powered with four hot-swap batteries extending the four-hour operational time to any desired length by simply swapping discharged batteries with charged ones on-the-fly. This technology is housed in a carbon fibre unibody chassis that is highly ergonomic for comfortable wearing.

---

How did you combine Geosystems technology with Hexagon business technology to create this wearable reality capture system?

We started with a strong experience matured in Pegasus:Two, where we knew how to precisely manage GNSS and IMU data to calculate the trajectory and synchronise the LiDAR and imagery into a seamless data output. We set our target high and wanted the Pegasus:Backpack to become the first commercially wearable and indoor capable system available.

Within Hexagon, we strongly leveraged our Novatel know-how. Together, we tailored the GNSS/IMU calculations and developed our Hexagon SLAM solution. Expertise from different teams within Hexagon led us to make the right decisions.

---

是什么使Pegasus：背包特别？

很明显 - 产品的破坏性特征。从未来派产品设计到使用碳纤维，以减轻体重并增加人体工程学。继续使用嵌入式技术，双重动力，五台高动态摄像头，IMU和SLAM导航技术，它是现代测量师的独特数据收集工具。

The combination of these distinguished characteristics makes the Pegasus:Backpack extremely versatile for outdoor and indoor applications enabling customers to spend less time on the field, differentiate their business model, and stay competitive in a consolidating market.

---

您能解释Pegasus：背包的工作流程（数据采集，后处理，提取信息，导出到CAD）吗？

The precondition is to have a master GNSS station within 15 kilometres from the data collection location or HxGN SmartNet coverage. No surveyor skills are required for the data collection – it can be simply done by a trained operator.

操作员打开系统，并将通过Wi-Fi或LAN的平板电脑连接到数据采集模块运行的内部PC - 这是用于数据采集的仪表板。在开始捕获之前，操作员需要首先静态地初始化系统，然后走一分钟的夫妻。确定位置后，他将启动数据收集，并通过平板电脑完全控制，在那里他可以实时监视图像，激光雷达单元和GNSS信号强度。任务完成后，操作员将进行静态末端对齐阶段并关闭任务。

The post processing workflow is highly automated. By simply inserting an USB Key into the Pegasus:Backpack, all data can be downloaded and is ready for post processing. Operators can pre-select the deliverables and launch the post processing calculation – there is no need to supervise the process. A powerful tool to interface with the SLAM algorithm is embedded directly within the post processing software. It enables the visualisation, and if needed, the correction of the SLAM navigation before processing and completing the dataset.

支持并可以出口所有行业标准文件格式，例如LAS，PTS和E57。根据用于提取功能提取的软件解决方案，Pegasus软件套件本地生成3D点云和ESRI ARCMAP或AUTODESK AUTOCAD的图像。

---

For what applications can the Pegasus:Backpack be used?

系统的灵活性和易用性是扩大ing the applications, going from the most common, for example, professional Building Information Modelling (BIM) documentation, surveying, asset collection, underground infrastructure maintenance, disaster recovery, and safety and security, to more digital reality oriented applications, like industrial training, accidents simulation and urban planning.

---

What are some of the most interesting applications where you’ve seen the Pegasus:Backpack used?

有数十种令人兴奋的应用程序。最酷的数据收集之一是在法国Vars，在那里我们提供了3D数据，用于下坡雪山自行车的速度世界记录尝试。

At 3,000 m high, with strong wind, and temperatures around 0 degrees Celsius, a skier was wearing the Pegasus:Backpack and collected the necessary data to calculate a digital terrain model (DTM) that was fed into a Leica iCON controlled snow machine to prepare a perfect slope for the speed attempt.

另一个非常令人印象深刻的应用是巴黎下水道的数据收集，这是人类和设备极具挑战性的环境。使用Pegasus：背包和可选的手电筒模块，我们收集了一个从未见过的视角 - 在一个单个3D数据集中，城市表面及其建筑物和街道以及下水道地下结构。手电筒模块交付了清晰的图像，揭示了墙壁上所有手动喷涂的音符。这些信息从未在任何地表地图中进行地理化，也不可见。通过图像，有可能认识到需要维护的地方，以确保持续的公共服务避免意外停电。

---

What are the customers doing with the data obtained from this wearable reality capture solution?

The Pegasus:Backpack is used to provide multiple, fast and accurate data layers where traditional methods face limits in terms of feasibility, access and costs.

Various customers are using the data for urban area survey, where city centres are only accessible by walking and are closed to traffic or public transportation. An extraordinary application in India is the mapping of overcrowded urban districts. This project provided a detailed cadastral map of the thousands of unknown huts, giving to the habitants an address, name and dignity.

电力公司正在收集高压电源线以绘制基础架构，分析两个电线之间的电缆下垂，并验证植被是否阻碍通行权 - 确保高水平的网络服务可用性。其他人则充分利用Pegasus：背包室内功能并收集整个建筑物，从文档和每个房间进行了正方平方米的验证。最近，意大利民政使用Pegasus：背包迅速获取概述，并在地震发生后正确计划了意大利破坏性城市的恢复。所有这些数据用例都具有LIDAR，图像和大满贯或导航提供的倍数信息层的优势。

---

徕卡珀加索斯:背包最近特色on the BBC’s Italy’s Invisible Cities series. Can you tell us more about how theLeica Pegasus:Twoand the Leica Pegasus:Backpack played a major role in revealing the secrets of these fascinating Italian cities?

这是与出色专业人士合作的绝佳经历。Pegasus：背包和Pegasus：两个因其易用性，灵活性，速度和提供的数据收集质量而被认可。与调查专业人员类似，在电视节目中，生产时间与成本有关。

When we were in Venice capturing the canals on a boat with Pegasus:Two, within one day we collected more than 10 km of 3D point cloud and thousands of images in one single capture. We didn’t have to close scanning areas, no curious tourists disturbed the collection - we simply sailed under bridges to be able to generate a new “canal view” perspective that would have been impossible with traditional capturing methods. The flexibility, in terms of vehicle and power source independence, made the difference.

In Naples, Florence and Pisa, the challenge was different. As many historical European cities, the city centre is densely populated, closed to traffic, and palaces are obstructing the GNSS signal. In Naples, we collected underground caves, and in Florence and Pisa, we captured indoors. A technology relying only on GNSS/ IMU would not be able to collect data – with the Pegasus:Backpack, it was a home game. By using SLAM, we collected and georeferenced all our data step by step, delivering a comprehensive 3D dataset without the need of scan registrations. By just wearing the 12-kg light Pegasus:Backpack, we captured within 15 minutes the complete spiral staircase of the Pisa Tower with its 293 steps.

---

How is the R&D mobile mapping team preparing for new industry trends and integrating new technologies?

Technology cannot be seen only as hardware or sensor integration. Of equal importance is the related software workflow and processing speed. It is there where we will focus and decide if additional information layers are needed to develop the right answer to meet market needs– a layer of information that predicts the accuracy and helps users deliver the highest accuracy, before even leaving the office.