通过激光扫描带来安全性，生产力

作者：Anzhelika Kuznetsova

Oil refineries, smelters and other plant environments are very complex structures and can present major hazards. Any construction and rebuilding of highly complicated plants and shops require detailed engineering based on actual site data, and strict dimensional monitoring of construction and installation activities.

在大多数重建项目中，要安装的新结构和实用程序都连接到现有的基础架构，因此需要高的搭配精度。在不可用的图纸上不可用，或者施工和安装工程不符合质量标准，这是很普遍的。非常需要收集有关现有结构和公用事业的实际现场数据。

IBCON, a provider of high quality input data for survey, design, and construction of brand new and rebuilding projects, has been involved in large-scale industrial projects providing IT support for the past 11 years. Today, IBCON focuses on oil refineries and smelters using Leica Geosystems technology and AVEVA software.

Regaining trust in construction

使用这些技术有效地有效地使用了IBCON项目之一，它支持了冶炼厂结构，即科拉半岛。当客户从事该项目时，它面临着某些负面因素，阻止其达到截止日期，并导致财务损失。为了纠正这种情况，承包商雇用了IBCON建设并重建IT支持服务，从而在适当的时候完成了项目。

The job was to reconstruct the geometry and position of the existing structures to be built/rebuilt as fast as possible. The total area amounted to95,200平方米. The data were presented as a number of reports for the customer. The reports indicated any deviations betweenas-designed and as-built几何和结构的位置。这些报告帮助客户做出了明智的项目决策。

The project faced many challenges, such as:

• 巨大的范围
• Tight schedule
• 操作设施的严格工作条件（振动，蒸汽，灰尘，有害版本）
• Many running vehicles and operating equipment on the site (welding machines, cranes, trucks, etc.)

Conventional land surveying in such conditions is extremely difficult, and just impossible in some cases. A fast, highly efficient process without compromising survey accuracy and high resolution was needed.

通过激光扫描提供结果

The IBCON team used a Leica ScanStation laser scanner. Laser scanning technologyminimises surveying timeeven for sites as large as tens of thousands sq m, and inaccessible areas while preserving high accuracy and resolution.

激光扫描技术不需要确切的扫描仪取向，就像常规测量一样。它可以在受限的视图条件下进行扫描，并且acquires more informationabout any hidden structures. Just three company experts carry out field and in-house laser scanning projects in IBCON, greatly saving efforts.

Leica Cyclone软件is used for primary laser scanning data processing. After that, they are aligned to the facility’s coordinate system. Laser scans are stitched by marker or point cloud matching.

The mean measurement error is ≈ 7 mm per 100 scanner locations. Subsequently, the scanned point cloud is exported to AVEVA E3D that builds a 3D model. Each object (reinforced concrete structures, steelworks, equipment, etc.) is identified within the cloud point to build the geometry of the 3D model. Attributes taken from the as-designed and as-build documentation, a unique index, and a hierarchy level are assigned to each 3D object within a model.

The resulting extended 3D model is a tool for generating reports as required by the customer. A 3D model built from the laser scanning data is matched against a 3D model provided by the project developer. In this way, any deviations of the installed structures from their intended positions are easily identified and listed in the reports.

在当今广泛的施工环境及其对及时质量规模的数据获取的需求中，激光扫描技术提供了对任何施工对象的完整可见性。由于数据采集率非常低，因此不能使用常规土地测量工具来实施此类项目。

“使用Leica ScanStation P20激光扫描仪进行测量使现场调查变得容易，并以简单的方式可视化复杂的结构，”said Mitrakov.

The above described services are performed as cycles, prior to project completion, and commissioning. IBCON’s construction and rebuilding project IT support services help the customer make prompt decisions at every stage using accurate and timely reports to monitor project completion, and reduce extra error rectification costs.