Scan 'till you drop

当一个国际零售集团与项目测量师接触澳大利亚测量公司时，就该国第二大购物中心创建了一个调查精确的建筑和结构修订模型时，该公司很高兴参与。当截止日期仅在90天后设定时，项目测量师知道，尽管未来中心客户可能会购物直到下降，但该公司的七个合格的激光扫描测量师将通过3D激光扫描来做同样的事情。

悉尼购物中心目前正在进行重新开发，客户需要为建筑师，工程师和设施经理提供完全参数的建筑信息建模（BIM）模型，以准确地计划所需的工作。项目测量师覆盖了375,000平方米的空间，具有各种维度障碍，例如级联的地板，地形水平变化和附加建筑物的附加建筑物，在其43年的历史上面临着其最复杂的工作之一。

项目测量师BIM空间经理安迪·杰克逊（Andy Jackson）表示：“建筑物的巨大和复杂的方面意味着，在记录扫描位置和现场笔记时，我们的测量师必须一丝不苟，以协助扫描注册。”“借助我们的Leica Geosystems仪器和软件，我们可以确保这一点。”

Scanning, modelling with confidence
Project Surveyors used a variety of Leica Geosystems solutions to capture, model and analyse the data. Starting with the Leica ScanScations C10 and P20, the surveyors were able to capture minute details. The Leica ScanStation C10 was used for the external facades and inside for large structures, such as the parking garages, due to its long-range capability. Inside, the Leica ScanStation P20 was used for its quality of producing fast reliable data at low resolution.

“The fast scanning time of the P20 helped us improve site workflow, increasing the number of scans per day fourfold,” said Jackson.

为了进行调查控制，项目测量师使用了Leica TS15和Leica Multistation MS50。多站还用于扫描窗户以进行更简单的捕获。这些仪器在每个级别的周围以及整个购物中心的周围建立一个调查控制网络，这些仪器确保了毫米精度，以对齐改装构造的扫描。激光扫描靶标在控制网络中协调，以保持整体云的准确性。

从现场55天开始，总共有3,700次扫描。使用Leica Cyclone 9.0清洁并注册了这些扫描中的点云。由于软件中添加了自动对准注册，整个过程仅需20天。与点云到点云的视觉对齐相比，每次大约需要两分钟才能在视觉上找到共同点，自动对准仅需30秒至一分钟。

“The time does not sound like much for a few scans, but when we’re talking about thousands of scans, this becomes a significant amount of time saved,” said Jackson. “With these savings, we were able to increase our productivity by at least 50 percent.”

该公司还使用Leica Truview为建筑师提供了点云数据，以便它们可以覆盖模型并具有额外的信息，例如他们需要提取的尺寸来提取Accu-Rate和现实计划。

杰克逊说：“ Leica Truview图像是客户的可交付方式，但它们也帮助建模者完全了解了他们的建模。”

Autodesk Revit 2014 was used to model architectural elements while Autodesk Revit Mechanical, Electrical, Piping (MEP) was used to create pipes, plant, ducts and other services to create a partial MEP model of the loading docks. As the size and detail of this project would have taken one modeller 120 days to complete, Project Surveyors worked with a team of modellers in collaboration on one central model across a wired and large-data network.

使用Leica Cyclone 9.0中的导出选项，测量师分别将点云作为二进制PTG文件导出，或者统一为PTS文件。然后使用Autodesk Recap将文件转换为兼容Autodesk兼容的RCS文件，然后可以将其插入Revit并进行建模。杰克逊（Jackson）使用Leica Cloudwork进行修订，并补充说，将消除工作流程的导出和转换步骤，从而为建模者提供点云转换工具以及单个主数据源，而不是多个文件和要处理的文件版本。

“Using this laser scanning technology, we have won similar large projects, such as one in Sydney where we’re working with the same consultants who used this model as an example to the project owner of what they required as survey information,” said Scott Deveridge, Project Surveyors director. “Referrals to provide a similar service on another challenging project is the best feedback we can get.”

Lessons learned from HxGN LIVE
With attending HxGN LIVE 2014 in Las Vegas only a few months before the start of the project, Pro-ject Surveyors found the shopping centre project a valuable opportunity to put some of the lessons it learned at the international conference and exhibition to practice. Using these new ideas, the firm real-ised an approximate time savings of 75 percent.

使用扫描到扫描的注册和自动对齐，该公司减少了对每次扫描目标的依赖。测量师还使用了较低的分辨率，使扫描仪之间的扫描仪之间的运行在设置之间，并创建了轮式转移三脚架，以更快地将扫描仪重新放置。

杰克逊说：“虽然我们只能每天收集大约16次扫描，但使用我们从HXGN Live中学到的东西，我们现在可以每天收集60至80次扫描。”“我们还每小时进行大约30次扫描，是以前的两倍。这对我们来说是显着的效率提高，因此可以节省成本。”

返回2015年在拉斯维加斯举行的HXGN Live，该项目在年度Leica Geosys-Tem高清测量（HDS）计划比赛中获得了最高荣誉。由11名合格法官组成的小组根据计划的完整性和实用性，点云和模型的创造性以及整体外观评估了24个企业。项目测量师在Building/Heritage类别中获得了该项目的第一名。

“Our team has worked hard, and we are always looking for innovative ways to improve our business,” said Jackson. “Winning this award confirms our commitment to the profession and our dedication to the clients.”

一个典型的例子
悉尼购物中心项目的另一个方面是在BIM中使用HDS的创新使用。通过在现场和办公室中使用各种HDS技术，项目测量师能够在无障碍平台上组织和协作建筑信息。

“Using laser scanning in BIM helps us to have a complete understanding of what’s already there, what needs to be done, and how well the building process took place,” said Jackson. “Using laser scanning in BIM allows us to provide value-added deliverables to our clients.”

该项目是建立真正的数字世界的理想演示。当HDS捕获最新和最准确的情况时，专业人员可以将这些数据实施到软件程序中，例如Leica Cyclone或Autodesk Recap，以生成现实的可行模型。然后可以进行精确的适应性，以便在现场进行工作时，智能信息清晰且没有错误。

“The technology of HDS provides the tools and workflows needed to accurately and definitively cap-ture digital assets in minutes.” said Faheem Khan, vice president, business development manager for Leica Geosystems HDS. “Being able to capture, manage and deliver information and knowledge to all stakeholders underpins our strategy to provide the fastest, cleanest and most reliable hardware as well as a software portfolio that scales for all project sizes, disciplines and users.”