映射岩石源的来源和存款区域

作者：芭芭拉Žabota和Gregor Bilban

Rockfalls are one of the major treats to the viability and liveability in the Alps. To recognise areas that are at high risk due to rockfalls, it is important to study historical events and develop spatial models that provide accurate mapping of rockfall deposit areas. To study the rockfall it is验证现场建模的结果所必需的– here is whereLeica Zeno 20 GIS收集器andLeica GG04 Smart Antennacome in handy.

Project Rockthealps（RTA）是一个InterReg Alpine太空项目加强和加强实施岩石降落的风险预防政策和缓解策略根据可持续森林管理方法的支持。为了实现这一目标，将为整个阿尔卑斯山提供第一个统一的自然风险和保护森林地图。RTA项目涉及来自六个高山国家的15个跨学科合作伙伴：奥地利，法国，德国，意大利，斯洛文尼亚和瑞士。

University of Ljubljana, one of the project partners from Slovenia, is responsible for developing a historical rockfall database which will serve for the testing of rockfall model developed within RTA.

由于这个历史数据库的主要目标是使过去的摇滚地点获得林业和可再生森林资源的研究人员，因此生物技术教师决定使用Zeno 20 GIS Collectorgather attributes of rockfallsand GG04 Smart Antenna for collecting their准确的位置。

Collecting rockfalls with Esri's Collector for ArcGIS & Leica Zeno 20

An example on how to correctly measure angle and azimuth for source area (standing point of measurement marked by red line) based on available information on rockfall detachment point (purple rectangle marking the actual detachment point, green rectangle marking the top-most point of rock cliff).

在收集有关历史岩石事件的信息时，卢布尔雅那大学的研究人员collected data on the location of rockfall source area and rockfall deposits。因此，收集器中的网络地图是通过用户收集岩石源区域的一个位置作为点功能的方式设计的，后来添加了多个位置，作为一对一的关系类中岩石矿床的点特征。

作为落石源区域通常是inaccessible, the faculty researchers designed a method to extract the location for the source area from a standing point. The exact location was later calculated based on angle and azimuth measurements using a precise digital terrain model.

除位置外，ArcGIS用户的ESRI收集器还可以添加不同的属性（例如，源区域类型或森林封面）和存款功能，例如尺寸，岩石的形状以及岩石停止的原因。如图所示，这两个功能都允许添加注释，附件和跟踪编辑器。

Esri Collector for ArcGIS can be used offline – once the user restores Internet connection the collected data are synchronized to the web map and can be seen by other users. Moreover, distinct types of maps can be added to the application and uploaded to your device enabling offline use.

徕卡芝诺20 ESRI提供厘米精度Collector for ArcGIS used for rockfall mapping.

将ESRI的Arcgis收藏家与Leica Zeno和Leica GG04 Smart天线结合在一起

Based on measurements of angle and azimuth from different standing points (blue dots) and digital terrain model the actual location of rockfall source area (red dot) is being calculated.

The decision for top-class combination of Zeno GG04 Smart Antenna and 20 GIS Collector was no coincidence.

“Before purchase we tested GG04 Smart Antenna in the most demanding conditions which we are facing in our daily work such as narrow valleys and tree canopies. Its GNSS measurement engine provided us with position availability and an accuracy we could not achieve with any other device. Zeno 20, on the other hand, is a rugged Android based controller with a screen big enough for convenient work while still fitting comfortable in one hand,”Rockthealps项目的传播经理FrédéricBerger说。

While using Esri's Collector for ArcGIS with Zeno 20 for collaborative work of several field crews and project partners on the same database, the University of Ljubljana faculty researchers also make use of Leica Zeno Mobile software for many other mapping projects.

“We like Leica Zeno Mobile intuitive user interface. While still packed with necessary GIS features, its automatic functionalities enable us to store accuracy values as attributes of a point feature. All this rises the quality of our maps,”卢布尔雅那大学的Rockthealps项目负责人米兰·科巴尔（Milan Kobal）说。

Leica GeosystemsGNSS equipment offered the Slovenian team of researchers even more.“由于Zeno GG04的开放性，我们可以将此智能天线连接到几乎任何需要最高精度的设备或软件。这为我们打开了未来项目和研究的其他选择。”总结了科巴尔。