Leica Cyclone 3DR – Smart Automation

Some years ago, creating a point with a total station would take a lot of time as you measure each point individually. With a total station, every point you measure is measured for a reason, as you only capture the points that allow you to extract the information you need. With the adoption of 3D laser scanning technology on the rise, millions of points can be measured in a fraction of the time and the speed of this data capture will continue to increase as technology advances in the future. With this manifold increase in the volume of data comes exciting new opportunities for automating its processing and extracting usable information and deliverables.

A first step that was addressed some years ago by Leica Geosystems was the possibility to publish and share this captured data via collaborative software platforms likeLeica JetstreamandTruView例如。共享数据使用户可以在一个地方查看收集的信息，从而使某人快速，轻松地使用点云可视化和有效地工作。换句话说，这些协作平台已经允许用户访问他们想要看到的收集的数据（随时随地）。

Magna – User case study

在最近的演讲中麦格纳at HxGN LIVE 2019, Magna compared two data collection methods in a case study where they were tasked to answer a simple question: is there enough space in an old tunnel for a modern train? This question was asked for the following reasons: no original drawings of the tunnel’s surface were available and it had already been modified multiple times after it was built to support different track gauges.

The methods they compared were conventional topography on one side (classic single-point measurement approach instead of the 3D scanning approach on the instrument) and3D laser scanning(millions of points approach) on the other side.

The data from the conventional approach was first registered inLeica Infinityand then processed inLeica Cyclone 3DR(formerly 3DReshaper) was used. Magna reported that they were able to use the algorithms available out of the box within the software in order to efficiently extract the information they were looking for within the point cloud.

In Cyclone 3DR, the tools they used were:

• Noise reduction in order to clean up the point cloud
• Removing vegetation in the point cloud with the DTM tool
• Creating a surface in the tunnel with meshing tools
• 使用挤出工具模拟火车信封
• 生成报告

在这种用例中，正在寻找点云中最低点的DTM工具至关重要。对于此应用，植被对分析并不重要，因此可以将其去除。关键是地面和悬崖。为了将悬崖与植被区分开，Magna使用了柔性DTM工具来定义垂直方向。将垂直方向定义为垂直于悬崖的垂直方向，即使它是垂直表面，也可以提取悬崖的表面。

使用3D网格划分算法以及所有允许填充孔，光滑或通常改善网格的工具，将隧道本身进行连接。该三角形表面被用作参考表面，以进一步进行所有避免碰撞分析。这两种方法的比较既包括精度比较和成本比较。

The conclusions were as follows:

• 在时间方面,传统的方法with the total station required more than 2 weeks whereas the laser scanning approach delivered a result in 2 days: 1 day on site to capture the data and 1 day in the office to process the data (i.e. 5 times quicker than the conventional approach with the total station).
• In terms of accuracy, the data provided by the laser scanning approach was reported as more accurate, more detailed and in the end more reliable since human error was all but removed from the process by eliminating the need for the operator to determine which points should be selected for surveying. Both accuracy and density of data were highlighted as benefits of laser scanning. Each individual stone on site which were captured in the point cloud through laser scanning rather than the subjective determination of what was important by the field capture teams when working with total station data.

The laser scanning approach was therefore validated by Magna as it allowed them to improve both productivity and data quality. They reported that the key component was the Cyclone 3DR software which was used to process the data. Thanks to the laser scanning approach, Magna were able to deliver the right information at the right time. After careful analysis, the conclusion was that a modern train can go through an old tunnel without expensive modifications.

Components of smart automation

Magna报道的这一分析正是我们要提供的 - 通过有效的数据处理工作流引导的准确且可靠的信息，以支持现实世界的决策。

The laser scanning workflow includes six components that are fundamental to increase productivity and efficiency. These 6 components allow users to extract the right information through smart automation:

1. Storing data
   With the increase of the number of points you can capture with 3D laser scanning and the ease-of-use of the new technology, the scale of 3D point clouds has increased significantly and will continue to grow in the years to come. You can’t just use hard drives to store the data in order to access it anymore for example. The database approach offered within JetStream serves as one single source of truth with many users being able to access it remotely and simultaneously and work with the same project data in different CAD environments while syncing their changes back to the central database.
   
   
2. Quickly access and share data
   中央可靠的数据库很重要。能够快速访问这个单一的真理并与您的项目成员或客户分享是关键。借助大数据集，应始终可用捕获的所有点，并在所选平台中渲染，以便您在需要的地方获得所需的信息，尽管数据大小，但没有令人沮丧的滞后时间。
   
   
3. Interoperability
   In our 3D data consumer world, the amount of different file formats out there is just enormous. Some being open and specified by consortiums and others proprietary binary formats—and not one contained a complete project record from points to imagery to tags, measurements and metadata associated with the project. Any given project may involve several different software for data preparation, inspection, modelling and QA/QC or sharing. Supporting simple data flow into and out of Cyclone 3DR is critical.
   
   These efforts led us to propose different approaches: First, the LGS file formats, available since 2018, is Leica Geosystems universal digital reality project file. LGS files are designed to provide the power of JetStream, in a transferable file that can be consumed in many different CAD environments viaCloudWorx插件。第二：直接发送到CAD功能。这允许Cyclone 3DR直接将数据直接发送到另一个3D软件，例如AutoCAD和Inleplan他xagon Mining. third, support for industry standard formats. Within Cyclone 3DR. Up to 15 different files formats are supported for import in Cyclone 3DR and recent efforts have been made to support AEC file formats (IFC and RVT as well as export to 3D PDF).
   
   
4. Algorithms
   Algorithms are a key component to smart automation. Different techniques for the extraction of information from point clouds help to automate the data processing by consolidating all of the steps into a few guided steps.
   
   In the use case reported by Magna, three algorithms were identified as key: noise removal, meshing and DTM extraction. These algorithms are the fruit of intense development efforts over the last years. But of course, there are many others available in Cyclone 3DR which have proven their efficiency, for example creating clusters of points according to their spatial distribution or the extraction of breaklines.
   
   我们努力利用最新技术。通常，为一个域开发的工具和技术可能非常适合在另一个领域的工作流程中，就像本研究中数字地形模型工具一样。尽管DTM最初被认为是一种调查工具，但它在该专业提取工作流程中取得了巨大成功，该应用程序与原始设计相去甚远。
   
   
5. 专用的工作流程
   我们已经涉及算法，数据互操作性和快速访问大型集中数据库。这些功能是具有极大灵活性的工具箱，可以支持各种应用程序。对于面临新的利基应用程序的用户，这种工具各种各样的工具很棒。但是，为了自动化通用应用程序的工作流程，需要专门的工作流程工具和自定义的工作流程。
   
   Industry and application-specific workflows allow users to start from the import of their point cloud data and guide them all the way through to the generation of the deliverable, including each intermediate step. With the transition from 3DReshaper to Cyclone 3DR, the flexible toolbox was re-configured into guided workflows for different applications such as cross section inspection or tank inspection. Likewise,Cyclone REGISTER 360was also designed around a guided workflow, in order to allow beginners or novice users to process simple projects.
   
   
6. Flexibility
   The last component that requires attention here is flexibility. How can we make a product that is flexible enough to adapt to new, unknown applications and uses rather restricted to addressing the uses it was initially planned for? In Cyclone 3DR, scripting offers ultimate flexibility for users.Scripting允许用户利用3DR的整个工具箱来自动化一系列重复的任务。例如，始终加载点云，删除噪声，与CAD数据对齐，进行比较并生成PDF报告 - 所有这些都可以自动完成，或者没有用户输入。
   
   But scripting in Cyclone 3DR is much more than just repeating a succession of recurring tasks that already exist within the Cyclone 3DR toolbars. Thanks to access to low level functions such as getting all the points within a sphere or creating the best fit line from this subset of points, users can really develop additional algorithms and extract the information they are looking for. Such an approach was proven in a script dedicated to extract curbs in a street. In this script for example, six low level functions are used:
• Separate points at a given distance to a line
• Point cloud reduction
• 3D meshing
• 3D best fit of 2 meshes
• Applying a matrix transformation
• 最好的飞机

The access to these low level functions make it possible to apply the script to data coming to multiple kind of sensors: imaging / handheld laser scanner (BLK360orblk2go例如），高密度扫描仪（RTCorP-Series例如,移动映射ystems (Pegasus:TwoandPegasus:Backpack). This script will extract kilometres of curbs and will stop only when no points were measured on the curb!

The right information at the right time

The right information at the right time While, we pride ourselves in providing tools to customers that provide them with the right information at the right time, we also welcome information from customers to improve our products.

It is through the support of customers and their feedback from the field that we take guidance in developing our roadmap. If you have any product feedback, we encourage you to contact us through this form.

有关Cyclone 3DR的更多信息，请访问我们product pageor联系我们.


吉尔斯·蒙尼尔（Gilles Monnier）
General Manager, Technodigit
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